Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to systematically analyze the efficacy of therapeutic exercise on
activities of daily living (ADL) and cognitive function among older residents in long-term
care facilities.
Data Sources
PubMed, Cochrane Central of Register Trials, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, OTseeker,
and Ichushi-Web were searched from inception until December 2018.
Study Selection
Databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of therapeutic
exercise for long-term care facility residents aged 60 years and older, focusing on
ADL and cognitive function as outcomes.
Data Extraction
Two independent reviewers extracted the key information from each eligible study.
Two reviewers independently screened and assessed all studies for eligibility, extracting
information on study participants, details of interventions, outcome characteristics,
and significant outcomes. Any discrepancies were resolved by a third reviewer.
Data Synthesis
A total of 11 RCTs with 1280 participants were eligible for analyses. Therapeutic
exercise had a significant benefit on ADL (standard mean difference [SMD]=0. 22, 95%
confidence interval [CI]: 0.02, 0.42, P=.03). Subgroup analyses indicated that interventions conducted ≥3 days per week [SMD=0.42,
95% CI 0.02, 0.82, P=.04] had a significant benefit on ADL. For cognitive function, group exercise and
≥3 days/week of intervention had a significant benefit (group exercise: mean difference
[MD]=3.36, 95% CI 0.91, 5.80, P=.007; ≥3 days/week of intervention: MD=2.28, 95% CI 0.07, 4.49, P=.04).
Conclusions
Therapeutic exercise conducted 3 or more days per week may be effective for improving
ADL and cognitive function among older residents in long-term care facilities. This
meta-analysis suggested that group exercise for cognitive functions was effective.
However, the effective method of intervention delivery for ADL was unclear.
Keywords
List of abbreviations:
ADL (activities of daily living), BI (Barthel Index), CENTRAL (Cochrane Central of Register Trials), CI (confidence interval), FIM (functional independence measure), Katz (Katz ADL Scale), MD (mean difference), MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination), PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database), RCT (randomized controlled trial), SMD (standard mean difference)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 26, 2022
Accepted:
November 20,
2022
Received in revised form:
November 15,
2022
Received:
April 1,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofFootnotes
Disclosures: none.
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine.
