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Comparison of life satisfaction in persons with spinal cord injury living in 22 countries with different economic status

Published:December 16, 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2021.11.008
Comparison of life satisfaction in persons with spinal cord injury living in 22 countries with different economic status
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      Abstract

      Objective: To analyze and compare life satisfaction (LS) in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) living in 22 countries participating in the International SCI (InSCI) community survey. The study tested the hypothesis that there are differences in LS across InSCI countries according to the countries’ economic status specified as gross domestic product per capita purchased power parity (GDP-PPP).
      Design: Cross-sectional survey.
      Setting: Community setting (22 countries representing all 6 World Health Organization regions).
      Participants: Persons (N=12,108) with traumatic or non-traumatic SCI aged at least 18 years, living in the community and able to respond to one of the available language versions of the questionnaire.
      Interventions: Not applicable.
      Main outcomes: Life satisfaction measured by 5 items selected from the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-BREF (WHOQOL-5): satisfaction with overall quality of life, health, daily activities, relationships, and living conditions. LS index was calculated as the mean of these 5 items.
      Results: The highest level of LS was reported by persons with SCI living in USA, Malaysia, and Switzerland (mean range: 3.76-3.80), and the lowest by persons with SCI living in South Korea, Japan and Morocco (mean range: 2.81-3.16). There was a significant cubic association between LS index and GDP-PPP. Regression Trees analysis revealed the main variables differentiating LS index were GDP-PPP and monthly income, followed by time since injury and education.
      Conclusions: Life satisfaction reported by persons with SCI related mainly to their country economic situation expressed by GDP-PPP and monthly income. The results of this study underscore the need for policy dialogues to avoid inequalities and improve the life experience in persons with SCI.

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      Article Info

      Publication History

      Accepted: November 24, 2021
      Received in revised form: November 17, 2021
      Received: June 1, 2021

      Publication stage

      In Press Journal Pre-Proof

      Footnotes

      Financial support: Financial support was not obtained for this study.

      Conflicts of interest: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

      Reprints will not be available

      Acknowledgments

      This study is based on data from the International Spinal Cord Injury (InSCI) Community Survey, providing the evidence for the Learning Health System for Spinal Cord Injury (LHS-SCI, see Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2017;96(Suppl):S23–S34).The LHS-SCI is an effort to implement the recommendations described in the WHO report International Perspectives on Spinal Cord Injury (Bickenbach J et al. Geneva: WHO Press; 2013). The members of the InSCI Steering Committee are: James Middleton (ISCoS representative; Member Scientific Committee; Australia), Julia Patrick Engkasan (ISPRM representative; Malaysia), Gerold Stucki (Chair Scientific Committee; Switzerland), Mirjam Brach (Representative Coordinating Institute; Switzerland), Jerome Bickenbach (Member Scientific Committee; Switzerland), Christine Fekete (Member Scientific Committee; Switzerland), Christine Thyrian (Representative Study Center; Switzerland), Linamara Battistella (Brazil), Jianan Li (China), Brigitte Perrouin-Verbe (France), Christoph Gutenbrunner (Member Scientific Committee; Germany), Christina-Anastasia Rapidi (Greece), Luh Karunia Wahyuni (Indonesia), Mauro Zampolini (Italy), Eiichi Saitoh (Japan), Bum Suk Lee (Korea), Alvydas Juocevicius (Lithuania), Nazirah Hasnan (Malaysia), Abderrazak Hajjioui (Morocco), Marcel W.M. Post (Member Scientific Committee; The Netherlands), Anne Catrine Martinsen (Norway), Piotr Tederko (Poland), Daiana Popa (Romania), Conran Joseph (South Africa), Mercè Avellanet (Spain), Michael Baumberger (Switzerland), Apichana Kovindha (Thailand), Reuben Escorpizo (Member Scientific Committee; USA). The authors gratefully acknowledge Janusz Wachnicki (Predictive Solutions, Poland) for assistance with statistical analyzes for this paper.

      Identification

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2021.11.008

      Copyright

      © 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine.

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