Abstract
Objectives
To identify, critically appraise, and synthesize the reported psychometric properties
of shoulder performance-based functional tests in patients with shoulder diseases.
Data Sources
MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health databases
from inception until March 2019 were searched.
Study Selection
Randomized/prospective studies of patients with shoulder diseases that reported on
the psychometric properties (reliability, validity, responsiveness) of performance-based
functional tests (Standardized Index of Shoulder Function [FI2S], Functional Impairment
Test–Hand and Neck/Shoulder/Arm, Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test,
Timed Functional Arm and Shoulder Test, Shoulder Function Index [SFInX], and hand
to neck, scapula, and opposite scapula).
Data Extraction
We used the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments
2018 guideline for systematic reviews. We performed a qualitative synthesis in which
the results were summarized based on reported measurement properties and study quality.
Data Synthesis
Eight eligible studies were included with 28 measures (16 reliability; 10 validity;
2 responsiveness). Performance-based functional tests reliability (test-retest, intra-
and interrater) measures indicated excellent reliability properties. Intraclass correlation
coefficient (ICC) was ≥0.83 and standard error of the mean (SEM) ranged from 0.03-13.3
points. Validity (construct/convergent/concurrent) measures displayed correlations
of −0.76 to 0.91 between performance-based functional tests and other patient-reported
outcomes (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand, Constant, Shoulder Pain and
Disability Index). Two studies assessed the responsiveness measures performance-based
functional tests. Effect sizes of 0.44 and 1.50 and minimal clinically important differences
of 10.3 using the anchor-based approach were reported.
Conclusions
The FI2S and the SFInX are reliable, valid, and responsive in patients with shoulder-related
diseases.
Keywords
List of abbreviations:
CKCUEST (Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test), COSMIN (Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments), DASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand), ES (effect size), FI2S (Standardized Index of Shoulder Function), FIT-HaNSA (Functional Impairment Test–Hand and Neck/Shoulder/Arm), GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation), ICC (intraclass correlation coefficient), MCID (minimum clinically important difference), MDC (minimal detectable change), PROM (patient-reported outcome measure), ROM (range of motion), SEM (standard error of the mean), SFInX (Shoulder Function Index), SPADI (Shoulder Pain and Disability Index), SRM (standardized response mean), TFAST (Timed Functional Arm and Shoulder Test)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 28, 2019
Footnotes
Goris Nazari is supported by the Transdisciplinary Bone & Joint Training Award, The Collaborative Training Program in Musculoskeletal Health Research (CMHR), Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. Joy C. MacDermid was supported by a CIHR Chair in Gender, Work, and Health and the Dr James Roth Research Chair in Musculoskeletal Measurement and Knowledge Translation.
Disclosures: none.
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine
