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Original research| Volume 101, ISSUE 2, P234-241, February 2020

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Video-Based Pairwise Comparison: Enabling the Development of Automated Rating of Motor Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis

Published:August 29, 2019DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2019.07.016

      Abstract

      Objectives

      To examine the feasibility, reliability, granularity, and convergent validity of a video-based pairwise comparison technique that uses algorithmic support to enable automated rating of motor dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

      Design

      Feasibility and larger cross-sectional cohort study.

      Setting

      The outpatient clinic of 2 specialist university medical centers.

      Participants

      Selected sample from a cohort of patients with MS participating in the Assess MS study (N=42). Videos were randomly drawn from each strata of the ataxia severity-degrees as defined in the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). In Basel: 19 videos of 17 patients (mean age, 43.4±11.6y; 10 women). In Amsterdam: 50 videos of 25 patients (mean age, 50.0±10.0y; 15 women).

      Interventions

      Not applicable.

      Main Outcome Measures

      In each center, neurologists (n=13; n=10) viewed pairs of videos of patients performing standardized movements (eg, finger-to-nose test) to assess relative performance. A comparative assessment score was calculated for each video using the TrueSkill algorithm and analyzed for intrarater (test-retest; ratio of agreement) and interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] for absolute agreement) and convergent validity (Spearman ρ). Granularity was estimated from the average difference in comparative assessment scores at which 80% of neurologists considered performance to be different.

      Results

      Intrarater reliability was excellent (median ratio of agreement≥0.87). The comparative assessment scores calculated from individual neurologists demonstrated good-excellent ICCs for interrater reliability (0.89; 0.71). The comparative assessment scores correlated (very) highly with their Neurostatus-EDSS equivalent (ρ=0.78, P<.001; ρ=0.91, P<.05), suggesting a more fine-grained rating.

      Conclusions

      Video-based pairwise comparison of motor dysfunction allows for reliable and fine-grained capturing of clinical judgment about neurologic performance, which can contribute to the development of a consistent quantified metric of motor ability in MS.

      Keywords

      List of abbreviations:

      ADL (activities of daily living), AMSQ (Arm Function in Multiple Sclerosis Questionnaire), EDSS (Expanded Disability Status Scale), FNT (finger-to-nose test), ICC (intraclass correlation coefficient), IQR (interquartile range), ML (machine learning), MS (multiple sclerosis), 9-HPT (9-Hole Peg Test), UEF (upper extremity function)
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