Abstract
Objective
To examine the predictive ability of depression when considering long-term employment
outcomes for individuals with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) after
controlling for key preinjury and injury-related variables.
Design
Secondary data analysis.
Setting
Community follow-up after discharge from an inpatient rehabilitation center.
Participants
Individuals between 18 and 60 years old with moderate-to-severe TBI enrolled in the
Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems database.
Interventions
Not applicable.
Main Outcome Measures
Employment status.
Results
The prevalence of employment at 2 and 5 years post injury was 40.3% and 44.5%, respectively.
Individuals identified as depressed at 1 year were more likely to be unemployed at
2 years post injury (odds ratio [OR], 1.77; 95% CI, 1.38-2.27; P<.0001). Similar relations between current depression and future employment were observed
from 1- and 2-year depression status predicting 5-year employment (1-year: OR, 1.88;
95% CI, 1.48-2.40; P<.0001: 2-year: OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.36-2.17; P<.0001).
Conclusions
After controlling for baseline predictors variables, the experience of postinjury
depression—a modifiable condition—contributes predictive ability to future employment
outcomes. Incorporating assessments and/or interventions for depression into postacute
rehabilitation programs could promote favorable employment outcomes after TBI.
Keywords
List of abbreviations:
AUC (area under the receiver operating curve), OR (odds ratio), PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), PTA (posttraumatic amnesia), TBI (traumatic brain injury), TBIMS (Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 22, 2019
Footnotes
Supported by the National Institute of Health (grant no. RHD089097A) and National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (grant no. 90AR5025).
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine
