Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the characteristics of oropharyngeal dysphagia in adults with dyskinetic
cerebral palsy (DCP) and cervical dystonia (CD).
Design
Exploratory observational cross-sectional study.
Setting
University hospital.
Participants
Seventeen patients with DCP (8 men, 9 women; age, 45.7±6.3y) enrolled in a randomized
controlled trial on the effects of botulinum toxin injection on CD.
Interventions
Not applicable.
Main Outcome Measures
Baseline clinical assessments and videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSSs) were
conducted. VFSS findings were evaluated using the videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale
(VDS) and the penetration-aspiration scale (PAS). The Gross Motor Function Classification
System (GMFCS) and Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) scores
were also assessed. Relationships between outcomes were evaluated using Spearman’s
rank correlation.
Results
The clinical assessment revealed abnormalities in chewing (n=10, 58.8%), tongue movement
(n=10, 58.8%), and laryngeal elevation (n=8, 47.1%). The most common abnormality on
the VDS was inadequate mastication (n=13, 76.5%), followed by premature bolus loss,
vallecular residue, and penetration/aspiration (all: n=10, 58.8%). A maximum PAS score
of 8 was observed in 8 of 17 patients (47.1%). Total and pharyngeal VDS scores were
significantly correlated with TWSTRS scores (ρ=0.543, P=.024 and ρ=0.539, P=.026, respectively); the VDS oral score did not correlate with the TWSTRS score (ρ=0.446,
P=.073). There was no significant correlation between VDS score and GMFCS level (ρ=0.212,
P=.414).
Conclusions
This preliminary observational study presents the characteristics of oropharyngeal
dysphagia in adults with DCP and CD. Pharyngeal stage difficulties were negatively
correlated with severity of CD, but not with GMFCS level. Screening for dysphagia
may be recommended in adults with DCP and severe CD.
Keywords
List of abbreviations:
CD (cervical dystonia), CDS (clinical dysphagia scale), CI (confidence interval), DCP (dyskinetic cerebral palsy), GMFCS (Gross Motor Function Classification System), ICC (intraclass correlation coefficient), PAS (penetration-aspiration scale), TWSTRS (Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale), VDS (videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale), VFSS (Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 26, 2018
Footnotes
Funding to support the study design and data collection was provided by Medytox Inc. and registered in Seoul National University Hospital (grant no. 0620131320 [2012-1185]).
Disclosures: Dr. Bang reports grants from Medytox Inc., during the conduct of the study. The other authors have nothing to disclose.
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine
