Abstract
Objective
To investigate the relationship of carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and
cardiac structure and function with adipocytokines in sedentary (S-SCI) and physically
active (PA-SCI) subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI).
Design
Cross-sectional observational study.
Setting
Academic medical center.
Participants
Men with chronic (>1y) SCI (N=41; 16 S-SCI, 25 PA-SCI) were evaluated. S-SCI subjects
did not perform labor that required physical effort, recreational physical activity,
or sports, while PA-SCI subjects included competing athletes who were regularly performing
adapted sports.
Interventions
Not applicable.
Main Outcome Measures
Clinical, laboratory, carotid ultrasonography, and echocardiography analysis. Plasma
leptin, adiponectin, and plasminogen activating inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels were determined.
Results
PA-SCI subjects had similar levels of adipocytokines, but lower carotid IMT and carotid
IMT/diameter, and better left ventricular diastolic function than S-SCI participants.
Bivariate analysis showed that adiponectin was inversely correlated with triglycerides
(r=–.85, P<.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r=–.57, P<.05), and carotid IMT/diameter (r=–.56, P<.05) in S-SCI but not in PA-SCI participants. Additionally, the leptin-adiponectin
ratio showed a direct correlation with triglycerides (r=.84, P<.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r=.53, P<.05) in S-SCI but not in PA-SCI individuals. By contrast, the studied adipocytokines
did not correlate with cardiac structure and function in PA-SCI and S-SCI participants.
Conclusions
Lower adiponectin levels and higher leptin-adiponectin ratio are related to adverse
vascular and/or metabolic characteristics in individuals with SCI. This relationship,
however, appears to be mitigated by regular physical activity.
Keywords
List of abbreviations:
BMI (body mass index), E/Em (peak early velocity/peak longitudinal initial diastolic velocity ratio), Em (peak longitudinal initial diastolic velocity), IMT (intima-media thickness), LV (left ventricular), PAI-1 (plasminogen activating inhibitor-1), PA-SCI (physically active subjects with spinal cord injury), SCI (spinal cord injury), S-SCI (sedentary subjects with spinal cord injury)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 13, 2018
Footnotes
Supported by Coordination of Improvement of Higher Level Personnel, São Paulo Research Foundation (grant no. 2013/07607-8) and Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (grant no. 304245/2013-5), Brazil. The funding sources had no involvement in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication.
Disclosures: none.
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine
