Advertisement
Review article (meta-analysis)| Volume 99, ISSUE 7, P1413-1423.e24, July 2018

Download started.

Ok

Priorities for Closing the Evidence-Practice Gaps in Poststroke Aphasia Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review

Published:September 16, 2017DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2017.08.474

      Abstract

      Objective

      To identify implementation priorities for poststroke aphasia management relevant to the Australian health care context.

      Data Sources

      Using systematized searches of databases (CINAHL and MEDLINE), guideline and stroke websites, and other sources, evidence was identified and extracted for 7 implementation criteria for 13 topic areas relevant to aphasia management. These 7 priority-setting criteria were identified in the implementation literature: strength of the evidence, current evidence-practice gap, clinician preference, patient preference, modifiability, measurability, and health effect.

      Study Selection

      Articles were included if they were in English, related to a specific recommendation requiring implementation, and contained information pertaining to any of the 7 prioritization criteria.

      Data Extraction

      The scoping review methodology was chosen to address the broad nature of the topic. Evidence was extracted and placed in an evidence matrix. After this, evidence was summarized and then aphasia rehabilitation topics were prioritized using an approach developed by the research team.

      Data Synthesis

      Evidence from 100 documents was extracted and summarized. Four topic areas were identified as implementation priorities for aphasia: timing, amount, and intensity of therapy; goal setting; information, education, and aphasia-friendly information; and constraint-induced language therapy.

      Conclusions

      Closing the evidence-practice gaps in the 4 priority areas identified may deliver the greatest gains in outcomes for Australian stroke survivors with aphasia. Our approach to developing implementation priorities may be useful for identifying priorities for implementation in other health care areas.

      Keywords

      List of abbreviations:

      AAC (augmentative and alternative communication), CPG (clinical practice guideline), CPT (conversation partner training)
      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment

      Purchase one-time access:

      Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      References

        • Grimshaw J.M.
        • Eccles M.
        • Lavis J.N.
        • Hill S.J.
        • Squires J.E.
        Knowledge translation of research findings.
        Implement Sci. 2012; 7: 50
        • Grol R.
        • Grimshaw J.
        From best evidence to best practice: effective implementation of change in patients' care.
        Lancet. 2003; 362: 1225-1230
        • McGlynn E.A.
        • Asch S.M.
        • Adams J.
        • et al.
        The quality of health care delivered to adults in the United States.
        N Engl J Med. 2003; 348: 2635-2645
        • Runciman W.B.
        • Hunt T.D.
        • Hannaford N.A.
        • et al.
        CareTrack: assessing the appropriateness of health care delivery in Australia.
        Med J Aust. 2012; 197: 100-105
        • Hubbard I.J.
        • Harris D.
        • Kilkenny M.F.
        • Faux S.G.
        • Pollack M.R.
        • Cadilhac D.A.
        Adherence to clinical guidelines improves patient outcomes in Australian audit of stroke rehabilitation practice.
        Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2012; 93: 965-971
        • National Stroke Foundation
        National stroke audit - rehabilitation services report.
        National Stroke Foundation, Melbourne2014
      1. Grimshaw J, Oxman A, Tavender E, et al. Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group. About The Cochrane Collaboration (Cochrane Review Groups (CRGs)). 2015(3).

        • Miao M.
        • Power E.
        • O'Halloran R.
        Factors affecting speech pathologists' implementation of stroke management guidelines: a thematic analysis.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2015; 37: 674-685
        • Farley K.
        • Thompson C.
        • Hanbury A.
        • Chambers D.
        Exploring the feasibility of Conjoint Analysis as a tool for prioritizing innovations for implementation.
        Implement Sci. 2013; 8: 56
        • Grol R.
        • Wensing M.
        What drives change? Barriers to and incentives for achieving evidence-based practice.
        Med J Aust. 2004; 180: S57
        • Goossens A.
        • Bossuyt P.M.
        • de Haan R.J.
        Physicians and nurses focus on different aspects of guidelines when deciding whether to adopt them: an application of conjoint analysis.
        Med Decis Making. 2008; 28: 138-145
        • National Institute of Clinical Studies
        Assessing the implementability of guidelines.
        NICS, Melbourne2006
        • Kitson A.
        • Straus S.E.
        The knowledge-to-action cycle: identifying the gaps.
        CMAJ. 2010; 182: E73-E77
        • Glasziou P.
        • Haynes B.
        The paths from research to improved health outcomes.
        Evid Based Nurs. 2005; 8: 36-38
        • Flodgren G.
        • Parmelli E.
        • Doumit G.
        • et al.
        Local opinion leaders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes.
        Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011; : CD000125
        • Scott S.D.
        • Albrecht L.
        • O'Leary K.
        • et al.
        Systematic review of knowledge translation strategies in the allied health professions.
        Implement Sci. 2012; 7: 1
        • Baker R.
        • Camosso-Stefinovic J.
        • Gillies C.
        • et al.
        Tailored interventions to overcome identified barriers to change: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes.
        Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010; : CD005470
        • Bayley M.T.
        • Hurdowar A.
        • Teasell R.
        • et al.
        Priorities for stroke rehabilitation and research: results of a 2003 Canadian Stroke Network consensus conference.
        Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007; 88: 526-528
        • Bayley M.T.
        • Teasell R.W.
        • Wolfe D.L.
        • et al.
        Where to build the bridge between evidence and practice? Results of an international workshop to prioritize knowledge translation activities in traumatic brain injury care.
        J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2014; 29: 268-276
        • Engelter S.T.
        • Gostynski M.
        • Papa S.
        • et al.
        Epidemiology of aphasia attributable to first ischemic stroke: incidence, severity, fluency, etiology, and thrombolysis.
        Stroke. 2006; 37: 1379-1384
        • Hilari K.
        • Northcott S.
        • Roy P.
        • et al.
        Psychological distress after stroke and aphasia: the first six months.
        Clin Rehabil. 2010; 24: 181-190
        • Pollock A.
        • St George B.
        • Fenton M.
        • Firkins L.
        Top ten research priorities relating to life after stroke.
        Lancet Neurol. 2012; 11: 209
        • Page S.J.
        • Wallace S.E.
        Speech language pathologists' opinions of constraint-induced language therapy.
        Top Stroke Rehabil. 2014; 21: 332-338
        • Cherney L.R.
        • Patterson J.P.
        • Raymer A.
        • Frymark T.
        • Schooling T.
        Evidence-based systematic review: effects of intensity of treatment and constraint-induced language therapy for individuals with stroke-induced aphasia.
        J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2008; 51: 1282-1299
        • Shrubsole K.
        • Worrall L.
        • Power E.
        • O'Connor D.
        Recommendations for aphasia rehabilitation: an updated systematic review and evaluation of clinical practice guidelines.
        Aphasiology. 2017; 64: 1-24
        • Levac D.
        • Colquhoun H.
        • O'Brien K.K.
        Scoping studies: advancing the methodology.
        Implement Sci. 2010; 5: 69
        • Grant M.J.
        • Booth A.
        A typology of reviews: an analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies.
        Health Info Libr J. 2009; 26: 91-108
        • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
        Stroke rehabilitation: long-term rehabilitation after stroke (NICE clinical guideline 162).
        Stroke Rehabilitation Contents National Clinical Guideline Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom2013
        • National Stroke Foundation
        Clinical guidelines for stroke management 2010.
        National Stroke Foundation, Melbourne, Australia2010
        • Stroke Foundation of New Zealand and New Zealand Guidelines Group
        Clinical guidelines for stroke management 2010.
        Stroke Foundation of New Zealand, Wellington2010
        • National Health and Medical Research Council
        Additional levels of evidence and grades for recommendations for developers of guidelines.
        2009 (Available at: http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/file/guidelines/developers/nhmrc_levels_grades_evidence_120423.pdf. Accessed November 3, 2017.)
        • Guyatt G.H.
        • Oxman A.D.
        • Vist G.E.
        • et al.
        GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations.
        BMJ. 2008; 336: 924-926
        • Centre for Research Excellence in Patient Safety
        An evaluation of the preventing falls and harm from falls in older people best practice guidelines for Australian hospitals: insights into quality, implementability, awarenss and uptake of key recommendations in Australian acute hospitals.
        Monash University, Melbourne2012
        • Grol R.
        • Dalhuijsen J.
        • Thomas S.
        • Cit Veld
        • Rutten G.
        • Mokkink H.
        Attributes of clinical guidelines that influence use of guidelines in general practice: observational study.
        BMJ. 1998; 317: 858-861
        • Rose M.
        • Ferguson A.
        • Power E.
        • Togher L.
        • Worrall L.
        Aphasia rehabilitation in Australia: current practices, challenges and future directions.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013; 16: 169-180
        • Rose M.L.
        • Attard M.C.
        • Mok Z.
        • Lanyon L.E.
        • Foster A.M.
        Multi-modality aphasia therapy is as efficacious as a constraint-induced aphasia therapy for chronic aphasia: a phase 1 study.
        Aphasiology. 2013; 27: 938-971
        • Laver K.
        • Ratcliffe J.
        • George S.
        • et al.
        Early rehabilitation management after stroke: what do stroke patients prefer?.
        J Rehabil Med. 2011; 43: 354-358
        • Verna A.
        • Davidson B.
        • Rose T.
        Speech-language pathology services for people with aphasia: a survey of current practice in Australia.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2009; 11: 191-205
        • Kagan A.
        • Black S.E.
        • Duchan J.F.
        • Simmons-Mackie N.
        • Square P.
        Training volunteers as conversation partners using “Supported Conversation for Adults with Aphasia” (SCA): a controlled trial.
        J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2001; 44: 624-638

      References

        • Salter K.
        • Jutai J.
        • Foley N.
        • Hellings C.
        • Teasell R.
        Identification of aphasia post stroke: a review of screening assessment tools.
        Brain Inj. 2006; 20: 559-568
        • National Stroke Foundation
        National stroke audit acute services clinical audit report 2011.
        National Stroke Foundation, Melbourne2011
        • Verna A.
        • Davidson B.
        • Rose T.
        Speech-language pathology services for people with aphasia: a survey of current practice in Australia.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2009; 11: 191-205
        • Vogel A.P.
        • Maruff P.
        • Morgan A.T.
        Evaluation of communication assessment practices during the acute stages post stroke.
        J Eval Clin Pract. 2010; 16: 1183-1188
      1. Duffy J, Fossett T, Thomas J. Aphasia care in acute hospital: challenges and opportunities. In: Clinical Aphasiology Conference. 2010. Isle of Palms. Available at: http://eprints-prod-05.library.pitt.edu/2123/1/viewpaper.pdf. Accessed November 3, 2017.

        • Katz R.C.
        • Hallowee B.
        • Code C.
        • et al.
        A multinational comparison of aphasia management practices.
        Int J Lang Commun Dis. 2000; 35: 303314
        • Guo Y.E.
        • Togher L.
        • Power E.
        Speech pathology services for people with aphasia: what is the current practice in Singapore?.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2013; 36: 691-704
        • Horton S.
        • Mudd D.
        • Lane J.
        Is anyone speaking my language?.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 1998; 33: 126-131
        • Armstrong E.
        Communication culture in acute speech pathology settings: current issues.
        Adv Speech Lang Pathol. 2003; 5: 137-143
        • Lalor E.
        • Cranfield E.
        Aphasia: a description of the incidence and management in the acute hospital setting.
        Asia Pac J Speech Lang Hear. 2004; 9: 129-136
        • Dickey L.
        • Kagan A.
        • Lindsay M.P.
        • Fang J.
        • Rowland A.
        • Black S.
        Incidence and profile of inpatient stroke-induced aphasia in Ontario, Canada.
        Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010; 91: 196-202
        • Hilari K.
        The impact of stroke: are people with aphasia different to those without?.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2011; 33: 211-218
        • Stroke Unit Trialists' Collaboration
        Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke.
        Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007; : CD000197
        • National Stroke Foundation
        National stroke audit - rehabilitation services report.
        National Stroke Foundation, Melbourne2012
        • National Stroke Foundation
        National stroke audit - rehabilitation services report.
        National Stroke Foundation, Melbourne2014
        • Sherratt S.
        • Worrall L.
        • Pearson C.
        • Howe T.
        • Hersh D.
        • Davidson B.
        “Well it has to be language-related”: speech-language pathologists' goals for people with aphasia and their families.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2011; 13: 317-328
        • Rohde A.
        • Townley-O'Neill K.
        • Trendall K.
        • Worrall L.
        • Cornwell P.
        A comparison of client and therapist goals for people with aphasia: a qualitative exploratory study.
        Aphasiology. 2012; 26: 1298-1315
        • Worrall L.
        • Brown K.
        • Cruice M.
        • et al.
        The evidence for a life-coaching approach to aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2010; 24: 497-514
        • Law J.
        • Pringle A.-M.
        • Irving A.-M.
        • et al.
        The Aphasia in Scotland Project - final report.
        Centre for Integrated Healthcare Research, 2007
        • Klippi A.
        • Sellman J.
        • Heikkinen P.
        • Laine M.
        Current clinical practices in aphasia therapy in Finland: challenges in moving towards national best practice.
        Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2012; 64: 169-178
        • Monaghan J.
        • Channell K.
        • McDowell D.
        • Sharma A.K.
        Improving patient and carer communication, multidisciplinary team working and goal-setting in stroke rehabilitation.
        Clin Rehabil. 2005; 19: 194-199
        • Johansson M.B.
        • Carlsson M.
        • Sonnander K.
        Working with families of persons with aphasia: a survey of Swedish speech and language pathologists.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2011; 33: 51-62
        • Rose M.
        • Ferguson A.
        • Power E.
        • Togher L.
        • Worrall L.
        Aphasia rehabilitation in Australia: current practices, challenges and future directions.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013; 16: 169-180
        • Brown K.
        • Worrall L.
        • Davidson B.
        • Howe T.
        Exploring speech-language pathologists' perspectives about living successfully with aphasia.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2011; 46: 300-311
        • Worrall L.
        • Sherratt S.
        • Rogers P.
        • et al.
        What people with aphasia want: their goals according to the ICF.
        Aphasiology. 2011; 25: 309-322
        • Tomkins B.
        • Siyambalapitiya S.
        • Worrall L.
        What do people with aphasia think about their health care? Factors influencing satisfaction and dissatisfaction.
        Aphasiology. 2013; 27: 972-991
        • Blom Johansson M.
        • Carlsson M.
        • Ostberg P.
        • Sonnander K.
        Communication changes and SLP services according to significant others of persons with aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2012; 26: 1005-1028
        • Hersh D.
        • Sherratt S.
        • Howe T.
        • Worrall L.
        • Davidson B.
        • Ferguson A.
        An analysis of the “goal” in aphasia rehabilitation.
        Aphasiology. 2012; 26: 971-984
        • Levack W.M.
        • Taylor K.
        • Siegert R.J.
        • Dean S.G.
        • McPherson K.M.
        • Weatherall M.
        Is goal planning in rehabilitation effective? A systematic review.
        Clin Rehabil. 2006; 20: 739-755
        • Playford E.D.
        • Siegert R.
        • Levack W.
        • Freeman J.
        Areas of consensus and controversy about goal setting in rehabilitation: a conference report.
        Clin Rehabil. 2009; 23: 334-344
        • Scobbie L.
        • Dixon D.
        • Wyke S.
        Goal setting and action planning in the rehabilitation setting: development of a theoretically informed practice framework.
        Clin Rehabil. 2011; 25: 468
        • Langhorne P.
        • Pollock A.
        • Stroke Unit Trialists' Collaboration
        What are the components of effective stroke unit care?.
        Age Ageing. 2002; 31: 365-371
        • Godecke E.
        Efficacy of aphasia therapy in the acute setting, in human communication science.
        Curtain University of Technology, Perth2009
        • Ferreira D.L.
        Aphasia incidence and intervention in the acute hospital setting, in faculty of computing, health and science.
        Edith Cowan University, 2012
        • Godecke E.
        • Hird K.
        • Lalor E.E.
        • Rai T.
        • Phillips M.R.
        Very early poststroke aphasia therapy: a pilot randomized controlled efficacy trial.
        Int J Stroke. 2011; 7: 635-644
        • Code C.
        • Heron C.
        Services for aphasia, other acquired adult neurogenic communication and swallowing disorders in the United Kingdom, 2000.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2003; 25: 1231-1237
      2. Rowe ET. Clinical decision-making in aphasia therapy: a survey of perceived levels of evidence for common treatment approaches. In Graduate School. South Florida; 2010.

        • Kong A.P.
        Family members' report on speech-language pathology and community services for persons with aphasia in Hong Kong.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2011; 33: 2633-2645
        • Wenke R.
        • Lawrie M.
        • Hobson T.
        • et al.
        Feasibility and cost analysis of implementing high intensity aphasia clinics within a sub-acute setting.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2014; 16: 250-259
        • Kirmess M.
        • Maher L.
        Constraint induced language therapy in early aphasia rehabilitation.
        Aphasiology. 2010; 24: 725-736
        • Foster A.M.
        • Worrall L.E.
        • Rose M.L.
        • O'Halloran R.
        Turning the tide: putting acute aphasia management back on the agenda through evidence-based practice.
        Aphasiology. 2013; : 1-24
        • Simmons-Mackie N.N.
        • Kagan A.
        • O'Neill Christie C.
        • Huijbregts M.
        • McEwen S.
        • Willems J.
        Communicative access and decision making for people with aphasia: Implementing sustainable healthcare systems change.
        Aphasiology. 2007; 21: 39-66
        • Bakheit A.M.
        • Shaw S.
        • Barrett L.
        • et al.
        A prospective, randomized, parallel group, controlled study of the effect of intensity of speech and language therapy on early recovery from poststroke aphasia.
        Clin Rehabil. 2007; 21: 885-894
        • Bowen A.
        • Hesketh A.
        • Patchick E.
        • et al.
        Effectiveness of enhanced communication therapy in the first four months after stroke for aphasia and dysarthria: a randomised controlled trial.
        BMJ Open. 2012; 345: e4407
        • Cherney L.R.
        • Patterson J.P.
        • Raymer A.
        • Frymark T.
        • Schooling T.
        Evidence-based systematic review: effects of intensity of treatment and constraint-induced language therapy for individuals with stroke-induced aphasia.
        J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2008; 51: 1282-1299
        • Bhogal S.K.
        • Teasell R.
        • Speechley M.
        Intensity of aphasia therapy, impact on recovery.
        Stroke. 2003; 34: 987-993
        • Kalra L.
        • Evans A.
        • Perez I.
        • et al.
        Training carers of stroke patients: randomised controlled trial.
        BMJ. 2004; 328: 1099
        • Visser-Meily A.
        • van Heugten C.
        • Post M.
        • Schepers V.
        • Lindeman E.
        Intervention studies for caregivers of stroke survivors: a critical review.
        Patient Educ Couns. 2005; 56: 257-267
        • O'Halloran R.
        • Lee Y.S.
        • Rose M.
        • Liamputtong P.
        Creating communicatively accessible healthcare environments: perceptions of speech-language pathologists.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2014; 16: 603-614
        • Hallé M.C.
        • Le Dorze G.
        • Mingant A.
        Speech-language therapists' process of including significant others in aphasia rehabilitation.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2014; 49: 748-760
        • Manders E.
        • Marien A.
        • Jansse V.
        Informing and supporting partners and children of persons with aphasia: a comparison of supply and demand.
        Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2011; 36: 139-144
        • Brown K.
        • Worrall L.E.
        • Davidson B.
        • Howe T.
        Living successfully with aphasia: a qualitative meta-analysis of the perspectives of individuals with aphasia, family members, and speech-language pathologists.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2012; 14: 141-155
        • McVicker S.
        • Parr S.
        • Pound C.
        • Duchan J.
        The communication partner scheme: a project to develop long-term, low-cost access to conversation for people living with aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2009; 23: 52-71
        • Denman A.
        Determining the needs of spouses caring for aphasic partners.
        Disabil Rehabil. 1998; 20: 411-423
        • Hilton R.
        • Leenhouts S.
        • Webster J.
        • Morris J.
        Information, support and training needs of relatives of people with aphasia: evidence from the literature.
        Aphasiology. 2014; 28: 797-822
        • Hinckley J.
        • Boyle E.
        • Lombard D.
        • Bartels-Tobin L.
        Towards a consumer-informed research agenda for aphasia: preliminary work.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2013; 36: 1042-1050
        • Jensen L.R.
        • Løvholt A.P.
        • Sørensen I.R.
        • et al.
        Implementation of supported conversation for communication between nursing staff and in-hospital patients with aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2014; 29: 57-80
        • Kagan A.
        • Black S.E.
        • Duchan J.F.
        • Simmons-Mackie N.
        • Square P.
        Training volunteers as conversation partners using “Supported Conversation for Adults with Aphasia” (SCA): a controlled trial.
        J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2001; 44: 624-638
        • Wertz R.T.
        • Weiss D.G.
        • Aten J.L.
        • et al.
        Comparison of clinic, home, and deferred language treatment for aphasia: a Veterans Administration cooperative study.
        Arch Neurol. 1986; 43: 653-658
        • Doesborgh S.J.
        • van de Sandt-Koenderman M.W.
        • Dippel D.W.
        • van Harskamp F.
        • Koudstaal P.J.
        • Viosch-Brink E.G.
        Effects of semantic treatment on verbal communication and linguistic processing in aphasia after stroke: a randomized controlled trial.
        Stroke. 2004; 35: 141-146
        • Page S.J.
        • Wallace S.E.
        Speech language pathologists' opinions of constraint-induced language therapy.
        Top Stroke Rehabil. 2014; 21: 332-338
        • Rose M.L.
        • Attard M.C.
        • Mok Z.
        • Lanyon L.E.
        • Foster A.M.
        Multi-modality aphasia therapy is as efficacious as a constraint-induced aphasia therapy for chronic aphasia: a phase 1 study.
        Aphasiology. 2013; 27: 938-971
        • Rose M.
        • Douglas J.
        • Matyas T.
        The comparative effectiveness of gesture and verbal treatments for a specific phonologic naming impairment.
        Aphasiology. 2002; 16: 1001-1030
        • Beukelman D.R.
        • Ball L.J.
        • Fager S.
        An AAC personnel framework: adults with acquired complex communication needs.
        Augment Altern Commun. 2008; 24: 255-267
        • True G.
        • Bartlett M.R.
        • Fink R.B.
        • Linebarger M.C.
        • Schwartz M.
        Perspectives of persons with aphasia towards SentenceShaper To Go: a qualitative study.
        Aphasiology. 2010; 24: 1032-1050
        • Van de Sandt-Koenderman W.M.
        • Wiegers J.
        • Wielaert S.M.
        • Duivenvoorden H.J.
        • Ribbers G.M.
        A computerised communication aid in severe aphasia: an exploratory study.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2007; 29: 1701-1709
        • Bloch S.
        Anticipatory other-completion of augmentative and alternative communication talk: a conversation analysis study.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2011; 33: 261-269
        • Blom Johansson M.
        • Carlsson M.
        • Sonnander K.
        Communication difficulties and the use of communication strategies: from the perspective of individuals with aphasia.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2012; 47: 144-155
        • Lasker J.
        • Beukelman D.R.
        Peers' perceptions of storytelling by an adult with aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 1999; 13: 857-869
        • Katz R.C.
        • Wertz R.T.
        The efficacy of computer-provided reading treatment for chronic aphasic adults.
        J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1997; 40: 493-507
        • Davis L.
        • Copeland K.
        Computer use in the management of aphasia: a survey of practice patterns and opinions.
        Contemp Issues Commun Sci Disord. 2006; 33: 138-146
        • Fink R.
        • Brecher A.
        • Sobel P.
        • Schwartz M.
        Computer-assisted treatment of word retrieval deficits in aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2005; 19: 943-954
        • Cherney L.R.
        • Halper A.S.
        • Holland A.L.
        • Cole R.
        Computerized script training for aphasia: preliminary results.
        Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2008; 17: 19-34
        • Mortley J.
        • Wade J.
        • Enderby P.
        Superhighway to promoting a client-therapist partnership? Using the Internet to deliver word-retrieval computer therapy, monitored remotely with minimal speech and language therapy input.
        Aphasiology. 2004; 18: 193-211
        • Brady M.C.
        • Kelly H.
        • Godwin J.
        • Enderby P.
        • Campbell P.
        Speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke.
        Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012; : CD000425
        • Palmer R.
        • Enderby P.
        • Cooper C.
        • et al.
        Computer therapy compared with usual care for people with long-standing aphasia poststroke: a pilot randomized controlled trial.
        Stroke. 2012; 43: 1904-1911
        • Wertz R.
        • Katz R.
        Outcomes of computer-provided treatment for aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2004; 18: 229-244
        • Elman R.J.
        • Bernstein-Ellis E.
        The efficacy of group communication treatment in adults with chronic aphasia.
        J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1999; 42: 411-419
        • Grohn B.
        • Worrall L.
        • Simmons-Mackie N.
        • Hudson K.
        Living successfully with aphasia during the first year post-stroke: a longitudinal qualitative study.
        Aphasiology. 2014; 28: 1405-1425
        • Law J.
        • Huby G.
        • Irving A.M.
        • et al.
        Reconciling the perspective of practitioner and service user: findings from The Aphasia in Scotland study.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2010; 45: 551-560
        • Brumfitt S.M.
        • Sheeran P.
        An evaluation of short-term group therapy for people with aphasia.
        Disabil Rehabil. 1997; 19: 221-230
        • Mumby K.
        • Whitworth A.
        Evaluating the effectiveness of intervention in long-term aphasia post-stroke: the experience from CHANT (Communication Hub for Aphasia in North Tyneside).
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2012; 47: 398
        • Lanyon L.E.
        • Rose M.L.
        • Worrall L.
        The efficacy of outpatient and community-based aphasia group interventions: a systematic review.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013; (https://doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.752865): 359-374
        • Vickers C.P.
        Social networks after the onset of aphasia: the impact of aphasia group attendance.
        Aphasiology. 2010; 24: 902-913
        • Smith J.
        • Forster A.
        • House A.
        • Knapp P.
        • Wright J.
        • Young J.
        Information provision for stroke patients and their caregivers.
        Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008; : CD001919
        • van der Smagt-Duijnstee M.E.
        • Hamers J.P.
        • Abu-Saad H.H.
        • Zuidhof A.
        Relatives of hospitalized stroke patients: their needs for information, counselling and accessibility.
        J Adv Nurs. 2001; 33: 307-315
        • Choi-Kwon S.
        • Lee S.K.
        • Park H.A.
        • Kwon S.U.
        • Ahn J.S.
        • Kim J.S.
        What stroke patients want to know and what medical professionals think they should know about stroke: Korean perspectives.
        Patient Educ Couns. 2005; 56: 85-92
        • Rose T.A.
        • Worrall L.E.
        • McKenna K.T.
        • Hickson L.M.
        • Hoffmann T.C.
        Do people with aphasia receive written stroke and aphasia information?.
        Aphasiology. 2009; 23: 364-392
        • Knight K.
        • Worrall L.
        • Rose T.
        The provision of health information to stroke patients within an acute hospital setting: what actually happens and how do patients feel about it?.
        Top Stroke Rehabil. 2006; 13: 78-97
        • Howe T.
        • Davidson B.
        • Worrall L.
        • et al.
        'You needed to rehab… families as well': family members' own goals for aphasia rehabilitation.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2012; 47: 511-521
        • Rose T.
        • Worrall L.
        • Hickson L.
        • Hoffmann T.
        Do people with aphasia want written stroke and aphasia information? A verbal survey exploring preferences for when and how to provide stroke and aphasia information.
        Top Stroke Rehabil. 2010; 17: 79-98
        • Blom Johansson M.
        • Carlsson M.
        • Ostberg P.
        • Sonnander K.
        A multiple-case study of a family-oriented intervention practice in the early rehabilitation phase of persons with aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2012; 27: 201-226
        • Hinckley J.J.
        What people living with aphasia think about the availability of aphasia resources.
        Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013; 22: S310-S317
        • Forster A.
        • Brown L.
        • Smith J.
        • et al.
        Information provision for stroke patients and their caregivers.
        Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012; 11: CD001919
        • Hoffmann T.
        • McKenna K.
        • Worrall L.
        • Read S.J.
        Evaluating current practice in the provision of written information to stroke patients and their carers… including commentary by O'Connell B, Sullivan K.
        Int J Ther Rehabil. 2004; 11: 303-310
        • Forster A.
        • Smith J.
        • Young J.
        • Knapp P.
        • House A.
        • Wright J.
        Information provision for stroke patients and their caregivers.
        Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005; : CD001919
        • Wachters-Kaufmann C.
        • Schuling J.
        • The H.
        • Meyboom-de Jong B.
        Actual and desired information provision after a stroke.
        Patient Educ Couns. 2005; 56: 211-217
        • Brennan A.
        • Worrall L.
        • McKenna K.
        The relationship between specific features of aphasia-friendly written material and comprehension of written material for people with aphasia: an exploratory study.
        Aphasiology. 2005; 19: 693-711
        • Rose T.
        • Worrall L.
        • McKenna K.
        The effectiveness of aphasia-friendly principles for printed health education materials for people with aphasia following stroke.
        Aphasiology. 2003; 17: 947-963
        • Bhogal S.K.
        • Teasell R.W.
        • Foley N.C.
        • Speechley M.R.
        Community reintegration after stroke.
        Top Stroke Rehabil. 2003; 10: 107-129
        • Brumfitt S.
        Psychosocial aspects of aphasia: speech and language therapists' views on professional practice.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2006; 28: 523-534
        • Mackenzie C.
        • Le May M.
        • Lendrem W.
        • McGuirk E.
        • Marshall J.
        • Rossiter D.
        A survey of aphasia services in the United Kingdom.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 1993; 28: 43-61
        • Ireland C.
        • Wotton G.
        Time to talk: counselling for people with dysphasia.
        Disabil Rehabil. 1996; 18: 585-591
        • Clark M.S.
        • Rubenach S.
        • Winsor A.
        A randomized controlled trial of an education and counselling intervention for families after stroke.
        Clin Rehabil. 2003; 17: 703-712
        • Evans R.L.
        • Matlock A.L.
        • Bishop D.S.
        • Stranahan S.
        • Pederson C.
        Family intervention after stroke: does counseling or education help?.
        Stroke. 1988; 19: 1243-1249
        • Eldred C.
        • Sykes C.
        Psychosocial interventions for carers of survivors of stroke: a systematic review of interventions based on psychological principles and theoretical frameworks.
        Br J Health Psychol. 2008; 13: 563
        • Brereton L.
        • Carroll C.
        • Barnston S.
        Interventions for adult family carers of people who have had a stroke: a systematic review.
        Clin Rehabil. 2007; 21: 867-884
        • Johannsen-Horbach H.
        • Crone M.
        • Wallesch C.W.
        Group therapy for spouses of aphasic patients.
        Semin in Speech Lang. 1999; 20: 73
        • Lee J.
        • Soeken K.
        • Picot S.J.
        A meta-analysis of interventions for informal stroke caregivers.
        West J Nurs Res. 2007; 29 (discussion 357-364): 344-356
        • Lui M.H.
        • Ross F.M.
        • Thompson D.R.
        Supporting family caregivers in stroke care: a review of the evidence for problem solving.
        Stroke. 2005; 36: 2514-2522
        • Brereton L.
        • Nolan M.
        ‘You do know he’s had a stroke, don't you?’ Preparation for family care-giving – the neglected dimension.
        J Clin Nurs. 2000; 9: 498-506
        • Brereton L.
        • Nolan M.
        'Seeking': a key activity for new family carers of stroke survivors.
        J Clin Nurs. 2002; 11: 22-31
        • Trexler L.E.
        • Trexler L.C.
        • Malec J.F.
        • Klyce D.
        • Parrott D.
        Prospective randomized controlled trial of resource facilitation on community participation and vocational outcome following brain injury.
        J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2010; 25: 440-446
        • Garcia L.J.
        • Barrette J.
        • Laroche C.
        Perceptions of the obstacles to work reintegration for persons with aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2000; 14: 269-290
        • Matos M.A.
        • Jesus L.M.
        • Cruice M.
        Consequences of stroke and aphasia according to the ICF domains: views of Portuguese people with aphasia, family members and professionals.
        Aphasiology. 2014; 28: 771-796
        • Kersten P.
        • Low J.T.S.
        • Ashburn A.
        • George S.L.
        • McLellan D.L.
        The unmet needs of young people who have had a stroke: results of a national UK survey.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2002; 24: 860-866
        • Parr S.
        Living with severe aphasia: tracking social exclusion.
        Aphasiology. 2007; 21: 98-123
        • Morris J.
        • Franklin S.
        • Menger F.
        • GD
        Returning to work with aphasia: a case study.
        Aphasiology. 2011; 25: 890-907
        • Dyke C.W.
        Finding General DyAu: Please check the website for “ASHA's Evidence Maps – National Center for Evidence-Based Practice in Communication Disorders” for accuracy.ke.
        Top Stroke Rehabil. 2011; 18: 144-150
        • Dalemans R.
        • de Witte L.P.
        • Lemmens J.
        • van den Heuvel W.J.
        • Wade D.T.
        Measures for rating social participation in people with aphasia: a systematic review.
        Clin Rehabil. 2008; 22: 542-545
        • Graham J.R.
        • Pereira S.
        • Teasell R.
        Aphasia and return to work in younger stroke survivors.
        Aphasiology. 2011; 25: 952-960
        • Black-Schaffer R.M.
        Return to work after stroke: development of a predictive model.
        Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1990; 71: 285-290

      References

        • Verna A.
        • Davidson B.
        • Rose T.
        Speech-language pathology services for people with aphasia: a survey of current practice in Australia.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2009; 11: 191-205
        • Vogel A.P.
        • Maruff P.
        • Morgan A.T.
        Evaluation of communication assessment practices during the acute stages post stroke.
        J Eval Clin Pract. 2010; 16: 1183-1188
      1. Duffy J, Fossett T, Thomas J. Aphasia care in acute hospital: challenges and opportunities. In: Clinical Aphasiology Conference. 2010. Isle of Palms. Available at: http://eprints-prod-05.library.pitt.edu/2123/1/viewpaper.pdf. Accessed November 3, 2017.

        • Katz R.C.
        • Hallowee B.
        • Code C.
        • et al.
        A multinational comparison of aphasia management practices.
        Int J Lang Comm Dis. 2000; 35: 303-314
        • National Stroke Foundation
        National Stroke Audit Acute Services clinical audit report.
        National Stroke Foundation, Melbourne2011
        • Guo Y.E.
        • Togher L.
        • Power E.
        Speech pathology services for people with aphasia: what is the current practice in Singapore?.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2013; 36: 691-704
        • Horton S.
        • Mudd D.
        • Lane J.
        Is anyone speaking my language?.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 1998; 33: 126-131
        • Armstrong E.
        Communication culture in acute speech pathology settings: current issues.
        Advances in Speech-Language Pathology. 2003; 5: 137-143
        • Lalor E.
        • Cranfield E.
        Aphasia: a description of the incidence and management in the acute hospital setting.
        Asia Pac J Speech Lang Hear. 2004; 9: 129-136
        • Hilari K.
        The impact of stroke: are people with aphasia different to those without?.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2011; 33: 211-218
        • Dickey L.
        • Kagan A.
        • Lindsay M.P.
        • Fang J.
        • Rowland A.
        • Black S.
        Incidence and profile of inpatient stroke-induced aphasia in Ontario, Canada.
        Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010; 91: 196-202
        • National Stroke Foundation
        National stroke audit - rehabilitation services report.
        National Stroke Foundation, Melbourne2012
        • National Stroke Foundation
        National stroke audit - rehabilitation services report.
        National Stroke Foundation, Melbourne2014
        • Sherratt S.
        • Worrall L.
        • Pearson C.
        • Howe T.
        • Hersh D.
        • Davidson B.
        “Well it has to be language-related”: speech-language pathologists' goals for people with aphasia and their families.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2011; 13: 317-328
        • Rohde A.
        • Townley-O'Neill K.
        • Trendall K.
        • Worrall L.
        • Cornwell P.
        A comparison of client and therapist goals for people with aphasia: a qualitative exploratory study.
        Aphasiology. 2012; 26: 1298-1315
        • Worrall L.
        • Brown K.
        • Cruice M.
        • et al.
        The evidence for a life-coaching approach to aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2010; 24: 497-514
        • Klippi A.
        • Sellman J.
        • Heikkinen P.
        • Laine M.
        Current clinical practices in aphasia therapy in Finland: challenges in moving towards national best practice.
        Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2012; 64: 169-178
        • Law J.
        • Pringle A.-M.
        • Irving A.-M.
        • et al.
        The Aphasia in Scotland Project - final report.
        Centre for Integrated Healthcare Research, Durham, England2007
        • Johansson M.B.
        • Carlsson M.
        • Sonnander K.
        Working with families of persons with aphasia: a survey of Swedish speech and language pathologists.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2011; 33: 51-62
        • Monaghan J.
        • Channell K.
        • McDowell D.
        • Sharma A.K.
        Improving patient and carer communication, multidisciplinary team working and goal-setting in stroke rehabilitation.
        Clin Rehabil. 2005; 19: 194-199
        • Rose M.
        • Ferguson A.
        • Power E.
        • Togher L.
        • Worrall L.
        Aphasia rehabilitation in Australia: current practices, challenges and future directions.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;
        • Brown K.
        • Worrall L.
        • Davidson B.
        • Howe T.
        Exploring speech-language pathologists' perspectives about living successfully with aphasia.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2011; 46: 300-311
        • Worrall L.
        • Sherratt S.
        • Rogers P.
        • et al.
        What people with aphasia want: their goals according to the ICF.
        Aphasiology. 2011; 25: 309-322
        • Tomkins B.
        • Siyambalapitiya S.
        • Worrall L.
        What do people with aphasia think about their health care? Factors influencing satisfaction and dissatisfaction.
        Aphasiology. 2013; 27: 972-991
        • Blom Johansson M.
        • Carlsson M.
        • Ostberg P.
        • Sonnander K.
        Communication changes and SLP services according to significant others of persons with aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2012; 26: 1005-1028
        • Levack W.M.
        • Taylor K.
        • Siegert R.J.
        • Dean S.G.
        • McPherson K.M.
        • Weatherall M.
        Is goal planning in rehabilitation effective? A systematic review.
        Clin Rehabil. 2006; 20: 739-755
        • Ferreira D.L.
        Aphasia incidence and intervention in the acute hospital setting.
        in: Faculty of computing, health and science [thesis]. Edith Cowan University, 2012
        • Godecke E.
        • Hird K.
        • Lalor E.E.
        • Rai T.
        • Phillips M.R.
        Very early poststroke aphasia therapy: a pilot randomized controlled efficacy trial.
        Int J Stroke. 2011; 7: 635-644
        • Kong A.P.
        Family members' report on speech-language pathology and community services for persons with aphasia in Hong Kong.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2011; 33: 2633-2645
        • Code C.
        • Heron C.
        Services for aphasia, other acquired adult neurogenic communication and swallowing disorders in the United Kingdom, 2000.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2003; 25: 1231-1237
      2. Rowe ET. Clinical decision-making in aphasia therapy: a survey of perceived levels of evidence for common treatment approaches, in Graduate School [thesis]. 2010, South Florida; 2010.

        • Wenke R.
        • Lawrie M.
        • Hobson T.
        • et al.
        Feasibility and cost analysis of implementing high intensity aphasia clinics within a sub-acute setting.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2014; 16: 250-259
        • Kirmess M.
        • Maher L.
        Constraint induced language therapy in early aphasia rehabilitation.
        Aphasiology. 2010; 24: 725-736
        • Cherney L.R.
        • Patterson J.P.
        • Raymer A.
        • Frymark T.
        • Schooling T.
        Evidence-based systematic review: effects of intensity of treatment and constraint-induced language therapy for individuals with stroke-induced aphasia.
        J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2008; 51: 1282-1299
        • Bakheit A.M.
        • Shaw S.
        • Barrett L.
        • et al.
        A prospective, randomized, parallel group, controlled study of the effect of intensity of speech and language therapy on early recovery from poststroke aphasia.
        Clin Rehabil. 2007; 21: 885-894
        • Bowen A.
        • Hesketh A.
        • Patchick E.
        • et al.
        Effectiveness of enhanced communication therapy in the first four months after stroke for aphasia and dysarthria: a randomised controlled trial.
        BMJ. 2012; 345: e4407
        • Godecke E.
        Efficacy of aphasia therapy in the acute setting.
        Curtain University of Technology, Perth2009
        • Bhogal S.K.
        • Teasell R.
        • Speechley M.
        Intensity of aphasia therapy, impact on recovery.
        Stroke. 2003; 34: 987-993
        • O'Halloran R.
        • Lee Y.S.
        • Rose M.
        • Liamputtong P.
        Creating communicatively accessible healthcare environments: perceptions of speech-language pathologists.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2014; 16: 603-614
        • Hallé M.C.
        • Le Dorze G.
        • Mingant A.
        Speech-language therapists' process of including significant others in aphasia rehabilitation.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2014; 49: 748-760
        • Manders E.
        • Marien A.
        • Jansse V.
        Informing and supporting partners and children of persons with aphasia: a comparison of supply and demand.
        Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2011; 36: 139-144
        • Brown K.
        • Worrall L.E.
        • Davidson B.
        • Howe T.
        Living successfully with aphasia: a qualitative meta-analysis of the perspectives of individuals with aphasia, family members, and speech-language pathologists.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2012; 14: 141-155
        • Blom Johansson M.
        • Carlsson M.
        • Sonnander K.
        Communication difficulties and the use of communication strategies: from the perspective of individuals with aphasia.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2012; 47: 144-155
        • Hilton R.
        • Leenhouts S.
        • Webster J.
        • Morris J.
        Information, support and training needs of relatives of people with aphasia: evidence from the literature.
        Aphasiology. 2014; 28: 797-822
        • Denman A.
        Determining the needs of spouses caring for aphasic partners.
        Disabil Rehabil. 1998; 20: 411-423
        • McVicker S.
        • Parr S.
        • Pound C.
        • Duchan J.
        The communication partner scheme: a project to develop long-term, low-cost access to conversation for people living with aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2009; 23: 52-71
        • Hinckley J.
        • Boyle E.
        • Lombard D.
        • Bartels-Tobin L.
        Towards a consumer-informed research agenda for aphasia: preliminary work.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2013; 36: 1042-1050
        • Kalra L.
        • Evans A.
        • Perez I.
        • et al.
        Training carers of stroke patients: randomised controlled trial.
        BMJ. 2004; 328: 1099
        • Doesborgh S.J.
        • van de Sandt-Koenderman M.W.
        • Dippel D.W.
        • van Harskamp F.
        • Koudstaal P.J.
        • Viosch-Brink E.G.
        Effects of semantic treatment on verbal communication and linguistic processing in aphasia after stroke: a randomized controlled trial.
        Stroke. 2004; 35: 141-146
        • Page S.J.
        • Wallace S.E.
        Speech language pathologists' opinions of constraint-induced language therapy.
        Top Stroke Rehabil. 2014; 21: 332-338
        • Rose M.L.
        • Attard M.C.
        • Mok Z.
        • Lanyon L.E.
        • Foster A.M.
        Multi-modality aphasia therapy is as efficacious as a constraint-induced aphasia therapy for chronic aphasia: a phase 1 study.
        Aphasiology. 2013; 27: 938-971
        • True G.
        • Bartlett M.R.
        • Fink R.B.
        • Linebarger M.C.
        • Schwartz M.
        Perspectives of persons with aphasia towards SentenceShaper To Go: a qualitative study.
        Aphasiology. 2010; 24: 1032-1050
        • Beukelman D.R.
        • Ball L.J.
        • Fager S.
        An AAC personnel framework: adults with acquired complex communication needs.
        Augment Altern Commun. 2008; 24: 255-267
        • Van de Sandt-Koenderman W.M.
        • Wiegers J.
        • Wielaert S.M.
        • Duivenvoorden H.J.
        • Ribbers G.M.
        A computerised communication aid in severe aphasia: an exploratory study.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2007; 29: 1701-1709
        • Bloch S.
        Anticipatory other-completion of augmentative and alternative communication talk: a conversation analysis study.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2011; 33: 261-269
        • Lasker J.
        • Beukelman D.R.
        Peers' perceptions of storytelling by an adult with aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 1999; 13: 857-869
        • Rose M.
        • Douglas J.
        • Matyas T.
        The comparative effectiveness of gesture and verbal treatments for a specific phonologic naming impairment.
        Aphasiology. 2002; 16: 1001-1030
        • Davis L.
        • Copeland K.
        Computer use in the management of aphasia: a survey of practice patterns and opinions.
        Contemp Issues Commun Sci Disord. 2006; 33: 138-146
        • Mortley J.
        • Wade J.
        • Enderby P.
        Superhighway to promoting a client-therapist partnership? Using the Internet to deliver word-retrieval computer therapy, monitored remotely with minimal speech and language therapy input.
        Aphasiology. 2004; 18: 193-211
        • Fink R.
        • Brecher A.
        • Sobel P.
        • Schwartz M.
        Computer-assisted treatment of word retrieval deficits in aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2005; 19: 943-954
        • Cherney L.R.
        • Halper A.S.
        • Holland A.L.
        • Cole R.
        Computerized script training for aphasia: preliminary results.
        Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2008; 17: 19-34
        • Palmer R.
        • Enderby P.
        • Cooper C.
        • et al.
        Computer therapy compared with usual care for people with long-standing aphasia poststroke: a pilot randomized controlled trial.
        Stroke. 2012; 43: 1904-1911
        • Brady M.C.
        • Kelly H.
        • Godwin J.
        • Enderby P.
        • Campbell P.
        Speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke.
        Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012; : CD000425
        • Wertz R.
        • Katz R.
        Outcomes of computer-provided treatment for aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2004; 18: 229-244
        • Katz R.C.
        • Wertz R.T.
        The efficacy of computer-provided reading treatment for chronic aphasic adults.
        J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1997; 40: 493-507
        • Law J.
        • Huby G.
        • Irving A.M.
        • et al.
        Reconciling the perspective of practitioner and service user: findings from The Aphasia in Scotland study.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2010; 45: 551-560
        • Brumfitt S.M.
        • Sheeran P.
        An evaluation of short-term group therapy for people with aphasia.
        Disabil Rehabil. 1997; 19: 221-230
        • Mumby K.
        • Whitworth A.
        Evaluating the effectiveness of intervention in long-term aphasia post-stroke: the experience from CHANT (Communication Hub for Aphasia in North Tyneside).
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2012; 47: 398
        • Grohn B.
        • Worrall L.
        • Simmons-Mackie N.
        • Hudson K.
        Living successfully with aphasia during the first year post-stroke: a longitudinal qualitative study.
        Aphasiology. 2014; 28: 1405-1425
        • Elman R.J.
        • Bernstein-Ellis E.
        The efficacy of group communication treatment in adults with chronic aphasia.
        J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1999; 42: 411-419
        • Vickers C.P.
        Social networks after the onset of aphasia: the impact of aphasia group attendance.
        Aphasiology. 2010; 24: 902-913
        • Lanyon L.E.
        • Rose M.L.
        • Worrall L.
        The efficacy of outpatient and community-based aphasia group interventions: a systematic review.
        Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013; 15: 359-374
        • Rose T.A.
        • Worrall L.E.
        • McKenna K.T.
        • Hickson L.M.
        • Hoffmann T.C.
        Do people with aphasia receive written stroke and aphasia information?.
        Aphasiology. 2009; 23: 364-392
        • Knight K.
        • Worrall L.
        • Rose T.
        The provision of health information to stroke patients within an acute hospital setting: what actually happens and how do patients feel about it?.
        Top Stroke Rehabil. 2006; 13: 78-97
        • Hinckley J.J.
        What people living with aphasia think about the availability of aphasia resources.
        Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013; 22: S310-S317
        • Rose T.
        • Worrall L.
        • Hickson L.
        • Hoffmann T.
        Do people with aphasia want written stroke and aphasia information? A verbal survey exploring preferences for when and how to provide stroke and aphasia information.
        Top Stroke Rehabil. 2010; 17: 79-98
        • Blom Johansson M.
        • Carlsson M.
        • Ostberg P.
        • Sonnander K.
        A multiple-case study of a family-oriented intervention practice in the early rehabilitation phase of persons with aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2012; 27: 201-226
        • Howe T.
        • Davidson B.
        • Worrall L.
        • et al.
        'You needed to rehab… families as well': Family members' own goals for aphasia rehabilitation.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2012; 47: 511-521
        • Forster A.
        • Brown L.
        • Smith J.
        • et al.
        Information provision for stroke patients and their caregivers.
        Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012; 11: CD001919
        • Smith J.
        • Forster A.
        • House A.
        • Knapp P.
        • Wright J.
        • Young J.
        Information provision for stroke patients and their caregivers.
        Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008; : CD001919
        • Brumfitt S.
        Psychosocial aspects of aphasia: speech and language therapists' views on professional practice.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2006; 28: 523-534
        • Mackenzie C.
        • Le May M.
        • Lendrem W.
        • McGuirk E.
        • Marshall J.
        • Rossiter D.
        A survey of aphasia services in the United Kingdom.
        Int J Lang Commun Disord. 1993; 28: 43-61
        • Ireland C.
        • Wotton G.
        Time to talk: counselling for people with dysphasia.
        Disabil Rehabil. 1996; 18: 585-591
        • Bhogal S.K.
        • Teasell R.W.
        • Foley N.C.
        • Speechley M.R.
        Community reintegration after stroke.
        Top Stroke Rehabil. 2003; 10: 107-129
        • Evans R.L.
        • Matlock A.L.
        • Bishop D.S.
        • Stranahan S.
        • Pederson C.
        Family intervention after stroke: does counseling or education help?.
        Stroke. 1988; 19: 1243-1249
        • Clark M.S.
        • Rubenach S.
        • Winsor A.
        A randomized controlled trial of an education and counselling intervention for families after stroke.
        Clin Rehabil. 2003; 17: 703-712
        • Eldred C.
        • Sykes C.
        Psychosocial interventions for carers of survivors of stroke: a systematic review of interventions based on psychological principles and theoretical frameworks.
        Br J Health Psychol. 2008; 13: 563
        • Johannsen-Horbach H.
        • Crone M.
        • Wallesch C.W.
        Group therapy for spouses of aphasic patients.
        Semin Speech Lang. 1999; 20: 73
        • Brereton L.
        • Carroll C.
        • Barnston S.
        Interventions for adult family carers of people who have had a stroke: a systematic review.
        Clin Rehabil. 2007; 21: 867-884
        • Garcia L.J.
        • Barrette J.
        • Laroche C.
        Perceptions of the obstacles to work reintegration for persons with aphasia.
        Aphasiology. 2000; 14: 269-290
        • Matos M.A.
        • Jesus L.M.
        • Cruice M.
        Consequences of stroke and aphasia according to the ICF domains: views of Portuguese people with aphasia, family members and professionals.
        Aphasiology. 2014; 28: 771-796
        • Parr S.
        Living with severe aphasia: tracking social exclusion.
        Aphasiology. 2007; 21: 98-123
        • Kersten P.
        • Low J.T.
        • Ashburn A.
        • George S.L.
        • McLellan D.L.
        The unmet needs of young people who have had a stroke: results of a national UK survey.
        Disabil Rehabil. 2002; 24: 860-866
        • Dalemans R.J.
        A description of social participation in working-age persons with aphasia: a review of the literature.
        Aphasiology. 2008; 22: 1071-1091
        • Graham J.R.
        • Pereira S.
        • Teasell R.
        Aphasia and return to work in younger stroke survivors.
        Aphasiology. 2011; 25: 952-960
        • Black-Schaffer R.M.
        Return to work after stroke: development of a predictive model.
        Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1990; 71: 285-290
        • Trexler L.E.
        • Trexler L.C.
        • Malec J.F.
        • Klyce D.
        • Parrott D.
        Prospective randomized controlled trial of resource facilitation on community participation and vocational outcome following brain injury.
        J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2010; 25: 440-446