Abstract
Objective
To describe the association between self-efficacy and secondary health conditions
(SHCs) in people living with spinal cord injury (SCI).
Data Sources
PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were systematically searched from
database inception to September 2016.
Study Selection
Studies describing patients living with SCI in which self-efficacy was measured by
a standardized questionnaire and an association was made with somatic or psychological
SHCs.
Data Extraction
An independent extraction by multiple observers was performed based on the Strengthening
the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statements checklist. A meta-analysis
concerning the association between self-efficacy and SHCs in people with SCI was performed
if a minimum of 4 comparable studies were available.
Data Synthesis
Of 670 unique articles screened, 22 met the inclusion criteria. Seven of these 22
studies investigated associations between self-efficacy and somatic SHCs. Only a trend
toward an association between higher self-efficacy and less pain, fatigue, number
of SHCs, and limitations caused by SHCs was found. Twenty-one studies described the
association between self-efficacy and psychological SHCs. All correlations of higher
self-efficacy with fewer depressive (18 studies) and anxiety symptoms (7 studies)
were significant, and meta-analysis showed a strong negative correlation of −.536
(−.584 to −.484) and −.493 (−.577 to −.399), respectively. A small number of studies
(2) showed a trend toward a positive correlation between self-efficacy and quality
of life.
Conclusions
Self-efficacy is negatively associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms in SCI.
Therefore, self-efficacy seems an important target in the rehabilitation of patients
living with SCI. More research is necessary to clarify the associations between self-efficacy
and somatic SHCs. Future research should also focus on different types of self-efficacy
and their association with SHCs.
Keywords
List of abbreviations:
SCI (spinal cord injury), SHC (secondary health condition), STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 25, 2017
Footnotes
Supported by the Dutch Rehabilitation Foundation (Revalidatiefonds) (grant no. 2014039).
Disclosures: none.
Identification
Copyright
© 2017 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine
