Abstract
Objective
To identify sex-specific predictors of inpatient rehabilitation outcomes among patients
with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) from a population-based perspective.
Design
Retrospective cohort study.
Setting
Inpatient rehabilitation.
Participants
Patients in inpatient rehabilitation for a TBI within 1 year of acute care discharge
between 2008/2009 and 2011/2012 (N=1730, 70% men, 30% women).
Interventions
None.
Main Outcome Measures
Inpatient rehabilitation length of stay, total FIM score, and motor and cognitive
FIM ratings at discharge.
Results
Sex, as a covariate in multivariable linear regression models, was not a significant
predictor of rehabilitation outcomes. Although many of the predictors examined were
similar across men and women, sex-specific multivariable models identified some predictors
of rehabilitation outcome that are specific for men and women; mechanism of injury
(P<.0001) was a significant predictor of functional outcome only among women, whereas
comorbidities (P<.0001) was a significant predictor for men only.
Conclusions
Predictors of outcomes after inpatient rehabilitation differed by sex, providing evidence
for a sex-specific approach in planning and resource allocation for inpatient rehabilitation
services for patients with TBI.
Keywords
List of abbreviations:
ADG (Aggregated Diagnosis Group), AIS (Abbreviated Injury Score), ALC (alternate level of care), DAD (Discharge Abstract Database), LOS (length of stay), MVC (motor vehicle collision), NRS (National Rehabilitation Reporting System), TBI (traumatic brain injury)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 30, 2016
Footnotes
Supported by the provision of data by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) and Cancer Care Ontario; funding support to the ICES from an annual grant by the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care and the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research; the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health (award no. R24HD065702); the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Chair in Gender, Work and Health (grant no. CGW-126580) and Frederick Banting and Charles Best Canada Gradate Scholarships Doctoral Award; the Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario for a Doctoral Research Award; Brain Canada; the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce for a Brain Cancer Training Award; and the Jane Gillett Pediatric Acquired Brain Injury Studentship from the Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation.
The opinions, results, and conclusions reported in this article are those of the authors. No endorsement by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Cancer Care Ontario, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, or the Government of Ontario is intended or should be inferred. Parts of this material are based on data and information compiled and provided by the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI). However, the analyses, conclusions, opinions, and statements expressed herein are those of the author, and not necessarily those of CIHI.
The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Disclosures: none.
Identification
Copyright
© 2016 The American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine.
