Abstract
Amtmann D, Bamer AM, Cook KF, Askew RL, Noonan VK, Brockway JA. University of Washington
Self-Efficacy Scale: a new self-efficacy scale for people with disabilities.
Objective
To develop a self-efficacy scale for people living with multiple sclerosis (MS) and
spinal cord injury (SCI) that can be used across diagnostic conditions.
Design
The scale was developed using modern psychometric methods including item response
theory. Items were administered at 3 time-points of a longitudinal survey of individuals
with MS and SCI.
Setting
Survey participants with MS were recruited from the National MS Society, and participants
with SCI were recruited from the Northwest Regional Spinal Cord Injury Model System
and the Shepherd Center at the Virginia Crawford Research Institute in Atlanta, GA.
Participants
Adults aged 18 years and older reporting a definitive diagnosis of MS (N=473) or SCI
(N=253).
Interventions
None.
Main Outcome Measures
Evaluation of the new self-efficacy measure called the University of Washington Self-Efficacy
Scale (UW-SES) included comparisons with the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale and
other patient-reported outcome measures.
Results
UW-SES has excellent psychometric properties including well-functioning response categories,
no floor effects, and low ceiling effects. A long form (17 items) and a short form
(6 items) are available. The correlation between the score on the newly developed
scale and the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale was high (.83), providing support
for convergent validity. Higher self-efficacy scores were statistically significantly
associated with better mental health, better physical health, less fatigue, less stress,
less pain interference, less pain, fewer sleep problems, and lower depressive symptoms.
Conclusions
The UW-SES is a psychometrically sound instrument for measuring self-efficacy, validated
in MS and SCI, and can be used across both conditions. Both the long form and the
short form are available free of charge.
Key Words
List of Abbreviations:
CFA (confirmatory factor analysis), DIF (differential item functioning), IRT (item response theory), MS (multiple sclerosis), PROMIS (Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System), SCI (spinal cord injury), SF-8 (Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 8-Item Health Survey), TI (Test-Information), UW-SES (University of Washington Self-Efficacy Scale)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: May 09, 2012
Footnotes
Supported by the Department of Education, National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (grant nos. H133B031129 and H133B080025), and the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institute of Health (grant no. 5U01AR052171). However, these contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the Department of Education, and one should not assume endorsement by the federal government.
No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit on the authors or on any organization with which the authors are associated.
In-press corrected proof published online on Jun 22, 2012, at www.archives-pmr.org.
Identification
Copyright
© 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
