Abstract
DeLuca J, Schultheis MT, Madigan NK, Christodoulou C, Averill A. Acquisition versus
retrieval deficits in traumatic brain injury: implications for memory rehabilitation.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000;81:1327-33. Objective: To examine whether impaired memory in persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is
caused by impaired initial acquisition or compromised retrieval from long-term storage.
Design: Prospective matched controlled trial. Setting: Postacute rehabilitation institute. Participants: Patients with moderate to severe TBI (n = 28) and 21 matched, healthy controls (HCs). Main Outcome Measures: Patients with TBI and HC subjects were equated on initial acquisition on a verbal
list-learning task. Recall and recognition performance was then evaluated at 30- and
90-minutes after learning. Results: All HC subjects and 20 subjects with TBI (TBI-MET) were able to meet the learning
criterion, but the TBI-MET group took significantly more trials than HC subjects to
do so. However, after equating groups on acquisition, the TBI-MET group did not differ
from controls on recall and recognition at both the 30- and 90-minute delays. Eight
TBI subjects showed severe learning deficits (TBI-NOT MET) because they never learned
the task, and showed significantly impaired recall and recognition performance. The
2 TBI groups did not differ on measures of severity of injury, but the TBI-NOT MET
group performed significantly below the TBI-MET group on executive functioning. Rate
of forgetting did not differ across the 3 groups. Conclusions: Results suggest that memory impairment after TBI is caused primarily by deficiencies
in initial acquisition of verbal information rather than in compromised retrieval.
The findings have significant implications for the rehabilitation and treatment of
individuals with TBI. © 2000 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy
of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
April 27,
2000
Received in revised form:
April 27,
2000
Footnotes
☆Supported by the Henry H. Kessler Foundation, Inc (grant no. 171).
☆☆No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of this research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the authors or upon any organization with which the authors are associated.
★Reprint requests to John DeLuca, PhD, Kessler Medical Rehabilitation Research & Education Corp., 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ 07052.
Identification
Copyright
© 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
