Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 90, Issue 5 , Pages 778-785 , May 2009

Patients With Chronic Disabling Occupational Musculoskeletal Disorder Failing to Complete Functional Restoration: Analysis of Treatment-Resistant Personality Characteristics

  • Krista J. Howard, MS

      Affiliations

    • Productive Rehabilitation Institute of Dallas for Ergonomics (PRIDE), Research Foundation, Dallas, TX
    • ,
  • Tom G. Mayer, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to Tom G. Mayer, MD, 5701 Maple Ave #100, Dallas, TX 75235
    • ,
  • Brian R. Theodore, MS

      Affiliations

    • Productive Rehabilitation Institute of Dallas for Ergonomics (PRIDE), Research Foundation, Dallas, TX
    • ,
  • Robert J. Gatchel, PhD, ABPP

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX

References 

  1. Gatchel RJ. Comorbidity of chronic mental and physical health disorders: the biopsychosocial perspective. Am Psychol. 2004;59:792–805
  2. Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ, Kishino N, et al. Objective assessment of spine function following industrial injury: a prospective study with comparison group and one-year follow-up. Spine. 1985;10:482–493
  3. Mayer TG, Polatin PB. Tertiary nonoperative interdisciplinary programs: the functional restoration variant of the outpatient chronic pain management program. In:  Mayer TG,  Gatchel RJ,  Polatin PB editor. Occupational musculoskeletal disorders: function, outcomes and evidence. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2000;p. 639–649
  4. Glenn BA. Process and outcome of multidisciplinary pain treatment: an evaluation of a stage of change model. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 2002;62(11-B):5373
  5. Gatchel RJ, Mayer T, Theodore R. The Pain Disability Questionnaire: relationship to one-year functional and psychosocial rehabilitation outcomes. J Occup Rehabil. 2006;16:75–94
  6. Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ. Functional restoration for spinal disorders: the sports medicine approach. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1988;
  7. Mayer TG. Quantitative physical and functional capacity assessment. In:  Mayer TG,  Gatchel RJ,  Polatin PB editor. Occupational musculoskeletal disorders: function, outcomes and evidence. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2000;p. 547–560
  8. Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ, Mayer H, et al. Prospective two year study of functional restoration in industrial low back injury. JAMA. 1987;258:1763–1767
  9. Gatchel RJ, Okifuji A. Evidence-based scientific data documenting the treatment- and cost-effectiveness of comprehensive pain programs for chronic nonmalignant pain. J Pain. 2006;7:779–793
  10. Proctor TJ, Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ, Theodore B. Failure to complete a functional restoration program for chronic musculoskeletal disorders: a prospective one-year outcome study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;86:1509–1515
  11. Biller N, Arnstein P, Caudill MA, Federman CW, Guberman C. Predicting completion of a cognitive-behavioral pain management program by initial measures of a chronic pain patient's readiness for change. Clin J Pain. 2000;16:352–359
  12. Bendix AF, Bendix T, Haestrup C. Can it be predicted which patients with chronic low back pain should be offered tertiary rehabilitation in a functional restoration program? (A search for demographic, socioeconomic and physical predictors). Spine. 1998;23:1775–1784
  13. Kerns RD, Rosenberg R. Predicting responses to self-management treatments for chronic pain: application of the pain stages of change model. Pain. 2000;84:49–55
  14. Dysvik E, Vinsnes AG, Eikeland OJ. The effectiveness of a multidisciplinary pain management programme managing chronic pain. Int J Nurs Pract. 2004;10:224–234
  15. Gatchel RJ, Mayer TG, Kidner CL, McGeary DD. Are gender, marital status or parenthood risk factors for outcome of treatment for chronic disabling spinal disorders?. J Occup Rehabil. 2005;15:191–201
  16. McGeary DD, Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ, Anagnostis C, Proctor TJ. Gender-related differences in treatment outcomes for patients with musculoskeletal disorders. Spine J. 2003;3:197–203
  17. Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ, Evans TH. Effect of age on outcomes of tertiary rehabilitation for chronic disabling spinal disorders. Spine. 2001;26:1309–1312
  18. Levenstein S, Kaplan GA. Socioeconomic status and ulcer: a prospective study of contributory risk factors. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1998;26:14–17
  19. Burnett DM, Cifu DX, Kolakowsky-Hayner S, Kreutzer JS. Predicting “charge outliers” after spinal cord injury: a multicenter analysis of demographics, injury, characteristics, outcomes and rehabilitation charges. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;82:114–119
  20. Proctor T, Mayer T, Gatchel R, McGeary DD. Unremitting health care utilization outcomes of tertiary rehabilitation of chronic musculoskeletal disorders. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004;86:-A:62-9
  21. Korte SM, Koolhaas JM, Wingfield JC, McEwen BS. Function-centered rehabilitation increases work days in patients with nonacute nonspecific low back pain: 1-year results from a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88:1089–1094
  22. Petersen T, Larsen K, Jacobsen S. One-year follow-up comparison of the effectiveness of McKenzie treatment and strengthening training for patients with chronic low back pain: outcome and prognostic factors. Spine. 2007;32:2948–2956
  23. Shaw WS, Means-Christensen A, Slater MA, Patterson TL, Webster JS, Atkinson JH. Shared and independent associations of psychosocial factors on work status among men with subacute low back pain. Clin J Pain. 2007;23:409–416
  24. Anderson PA, Schwaegler PE, Cizek D, Leverson G. Work status as a predictor of surgical outcome of discogenic low back pain. Spine. 2006;31:2510–2515
  25. Pransky GS, Benjamin KL, Savageau JA. Early retirement due to occupational injury: who is at risk?. Am J Ind Med. 2005;47:285–295
  26. Williams RA, Pruitt SD, Doctor JN, Epping-Jordan JE, Wahlgren DR, Grant I. The contribution of job satisfaction to the transition from acute to chronic low back pain. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1998;79:366–374
  27. Becker N, Hojsted J, Sjogren P, Eriksen J. Sociodemographic predictors of treatment outcome in chronic non-malignant pain patients: do patients receiving or applying for disability pension benefit from multidisciplinary pain treatment?. Pain. 1998;77:279–287
  28. Gauthier JP, Ivers H, Carrier S. Investigating risk factors for chronicity: the importance of distinguishing between return-to-work status and self-report measures of disability. J Occup Environ Med. 2006;48:312–318
  29. Sullivan MJ, Feuerstein M, Gatchel RJ, Linton SJ, Pransky G. Secondary prevention of work disability: community-based psychosocial intervention for musculoskeletal disorders. J Occup Rehabil. 2005;15:475–489
  30. McGeary DD, Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ. High pain ratings predict treatment failure in chronic occupational musculoskeletal disorders. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88:317–325
  31. Anagnostis C, Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ, Proctor T. The Million Visual Analog Scale: its utility for predicting tertiary rehabilitation outcomes. Spine. 2003;28:1–10
  32. Dersh J, Mayer T, Gatchel R, Towns B, Theodore B, Polatin PB. Psychiatric comorbidity in chronic disabling occupational spinal disorders has minimal impact on functional restoration socioeconomic outcomes. Spine. 2007;32:1917–1925
  33. Rush A, Polatin P, Gatchel RJ. Depression and chronic low back pain: establishing priorities in treatment. Spine. 2000;25:2566–2571
  34. Fishbain DA, Cutler R, Rosomoff HL, Rosomoff RS. Chronic pain-associated depression: antecedent or consequence of chronic pain? (A review). Clin J Pain. 1997;13:116–137
  35. Garrod R, Marshall J, Barley E, Jones PW. Predictors of success and failure in pulmonary rehabilitation. Eur Respir J. 2006;27:788–794
  36. Buckwalter AE, Callaghan JJ, Liu SS, et al. Initial depression severity and the trajectory of recovery following cognitive-behavioral intervention for work disability. J Occup Rehabil. 2006;16:63–74
  37. Kerns RD, Haythornthwaite JA. Depression among chronic pain patients: cognitive-behavioral analysis and effect on rehabilitation outcome. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56:870–876
  38. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed.. Washington (DC): APA; 1994;
  39. Lenzenweger MF, Lane MC, Loranger AW, Kessler RC. DSM-IV personality disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biol Psychiatry. 2007;62:553–564
  40. Dersh J, Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ, Towns B, Theodore B, Polatin PB. Do psychiatric disorders affect functional restoration outcomes in chronic disabling occupational spinal disorders?. Spine. 2007;32:1045–1051
  41. Cohen P, Chen H, Crawford TN, Brook JS, Gordon K. Personality disorders in early adolescence and the development of later substance disorders in the general population. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2007;88(Suppl 1):S71–S84
  42. Kay JH, Altshuler LL, Ventura J, Mintz J. Impact of axis II comorbidity on the curse of bipolar illness in men: a retrospective chart review. Bipolar Disord. 2002;4:237–242
  43. James LM, Taylor J. Impulsivity and negative emotionality associated with substance use problems and Cluster B personality in college students. Addict Behav. 2007;32:714–727
  44. Bowden-Jones O, Iqbal MZ, Tyrer P, et al. Prevalence of personality disorder in alcohol and drug services and associated comorbidity. Addiction. 2004;99:1306–1314
  45. Grunebaum MF, Galfalvy HC, Nichols CM, et al. Aggression and substance abuse in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2006;8:496–502
  46. Million R, Hall W, Nilsen KH, Baker RD, Jayson MI, et al. Assessment of the progress of the back-pain patient (1981 Volvo Award in Clinical Science). Spine. 1982;7:204–212
  47. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;4:561–571
  48. Butcher JN, Dahlstrom WG, Graham JR, Tellegen AM, Kaemmer B. MMPI-2: manual for the administration and scoring. Minneapolis: Univ of Minnesota Pr; 1989;
  49. First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JB. Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders—nonpatient edition (SCID-I/NP, Version 2.0). New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1995;
  50. First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JB. Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV personality disorders (SCID-II). Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Pr, Inc; 1997;
  51. Jordan KD, Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ. Should disability chronicity be an exclusion criterion for tertiary rehabilitation? (Socioeconomic outcomes of early vs. late functional restoration in compensation spinal disorders). Spine. 1998;23:2110–2116
  52. Gatchel RJ, Mayer TG, Eddington A. The MMPI “Disability Profile”: the least known, most useful screen for psychopathology in chronic occupational spinal disorders. Spine. 2006;31:2973–2978
  53. Dersh J, Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ, Polatin P, Theodore BR, Mayer K. Prescription opioid dependence is associated with poorer outcomes in disabling spinal disorders. Spine. 2008;33:2219–2227
  54. Kidner CL, Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ. Higher opioid doses predict poorer functional outcomes in chronic disabling occupational musculoskeletal disorder. J Bone Joint Surg Am. In press.

 No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit on the authors or on any organization with which the authors are associated.

 Reprints are not available from the author

PII: S0003-9993(09)00118-X

doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.11.009

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 90, Issue 5 , Pages 778-785 , May 2009

Article Tools