Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 89, Issue 9 , Pages 1782-1787 , September 2008

Estimating Maximum Work Rate During Incremental Cycle Ergometry Testing From Six-Minute Walk Distance in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

  • Kylie Hill, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pulmonary Physiology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
    • Department of Physiotherapy, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
    • School of Physiotherapy, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests to Kylie Hill, PhD, Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre, 82 Buttonwood Ave, Toronto, ON M6M 2J5, Canada
    • ,
  • Sue C. Jenkins, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physiotherapy, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
    • School of Physiotherapy, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
    • Lung Institute of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
    • ,
  • Nola Cecins, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physiotherapy, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
    • School of Physiotherapy, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
    • Lung Institute of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
    • ,
  • Danielle L. Philippe, BSc

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pulmonary Physiology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
    • ,
  • David R. Hillman, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pulmonary Physiology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
    • ,
  • Peter R. Eastwood, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pulmonary Physiology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
    • School of Physiotherapy, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
    • School of Anatomy and Human Biology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia

References 

  1. Nici L, Donner C, Wouters E, et al. American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement on pulmonary rehabilitation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006;173:1390–1413
  2. Casaburi R, Porszasz J, Burns MR, Carithers ER, Chang RS, Cooper CB. Physiologic benefits of exercise training in rehabilitation of patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;155:1541–1551
  3. Maltais F, LeBlanc P, Jobin J, et al. Intensity of training and physiologic adaptation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;155:555–561
  4. Brooks D, Sottana R, Bell B, et al. Characterization of pulmonary rehabilitation programs in Canada in 2005. Can Respir J. 2007;14:87–92
  5. American Thoracic Society, American College of Chest Physicians. ATS/ACCP Statement on cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167:211–277
  6. Man WD, Soliman MG, Gearing J, et al. Symptoms and quadriceps fatigability after walking and cycling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;168:562–567
  7. Whittom F, Jobin J, Simard PM, et al. Histochemical and morphological characteristics of the vastus lateralis muscle in COPD patients (Comparison with normal subjects and effects of exercise training). Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998;30:1467–1474
  8. Maltais F, LeBlanc P, Simard C, et al. Skeletal muscle adaptation to endurance training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996;154:442–447
  9. Yohannes AM, Connolly MJ. Pulmonary rehabilitation programmes in the UK: a national representative survey. Clin Rehabil. 2004;18:444–449
  10. McGavin CR, Gupta SP, McHardy GJ. Twelve-minute walking test for assessing disability in chronic bronchitis. Br Med J. 1976;1:822–823
  11. ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories. ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166:111–117
  12. Singh SJ, Morgan MD, Scott S, Walters D, Hardman AE. Development of a shuttle walking test of disability in patients with chronic airways obstruction. Thorax. 1992;47:1019–1024
  13. Alison JA, Anderson SD. Comparison of two methods of assessing physical performance in patients with chronic airway obstruction. Phys Ther. 1981;61:1278–1280
  14. Arnardóttir RH, Emtner M, Hedenstrom H, Larsson K, Boman G. Peak exercise capacity estimated from incremental shuttle walking test in patients with COPD: a methodological study. Respir Res. 2006;7:127
  15. Carter R, Holiday DB, Nwasuruba C, Stocks J, Grothues C, Tiep B. 6-minute walk work for assessment of functional capacity in patients with COPD. Chest. 2003;123:1408–1415
  16. Turner SE, Eastwood PR, Cecins N, Hillman DR, Jenkins SC. Physiologic responses to incremental and self-paced exercise in COPD: a comparison of three tests. Chest. 2004;126:766–773
  17. Hankinson JL, Odencrantz JR, Fedan KB. Spirometric reference values from a sample of the general U.S. population. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159:179–187
  18. Crapo RO, Morris AH. Standardized single breath normal values for carbon monoxide diffusing capacity. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1981;123:185–189
  19. Quanjer PH, Tammeling GJ, Cotes JE, Pederson OF, Peslin R, Yernault JC. Lung volumes and forced ventilatory flows (Report Working Party Standardization of Lung Function Tests, European Community for Steel and Coal. Official Statement of the European Respiratory Society). Eur Respir J Suppl. 1993;16:5–40
  20. Cardellach F, Alonso JR, Lopez S, Casademont J, Miro O. Effect of smoking cessation on mitochondrial respiratory chain function. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2003;41:223–228
  21. Borg G. Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982;14:377–381
  22. Camarri B, Eastwood PR, Cecins NM, Thompson PJ, Jenkins SC. Six minute walk distance in healthy subjects aged 55–75 years. Respir Med. 2006;100:658–665
  23. Troosters T, Gosselink R, Decramer M. Six-minute walking distance in healthy elderly subjects aged 55-75 years. Eur Respir J. 1999;14:270–274
  24. Chuang ML, Lin IF, Wasserman K. The body weight-walking distance product as related to lung function, anaerobic threshold and peak Vo2 in COPD patients. Respir Med. 2001;95:618–626
  25. Blackie SP, Fairbarn MS, McElvaney GN, Morrison NJ, Wilcox PG, Pardy RL. Prediction of maximal oxygen uptake and power during cycle ergometry in subjects older than 55 years of age. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989;139:1424–1429
  26. Cahalin L, Pappagianopoulos P, Prevost S, Wain J, Ginns L. The relationship of the 6-min walk test to maximal oxygen consumption in transplant candidates with end-stage lung disease. Chest. 1995;108:452–459
  27. Kyoong A, Mol S, Guy P, et al. Comparison of Australian and international guidelines for grading severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Intern Med J. 2006;36:506–512
  28. Pretto JJ, Braun GW, Guy P. Using baseline respiratory function data to optimize cycle exercise test duration. Respirology. 2001;6:287–291
  29. Stevens D, Elphern E, Sharma K, Szidon P, Ankin M, Kesten S. Comparison of hallway and treadmill six-minute walk tests. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;160:1540–1543
  30. Sciurba F, Criner GJ, Lee SM, et al. Six-minute walk distance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: reproducibility and effect of walking course layout and length. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167:1522–1527
  31. Debigare R, Maltais F, Mallet M, Casaburi R, Le Blanc P. Influence of work rate incremental rate on the exercise responses in patients with COPD. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32:1365–1368
  32. Revill SM, Beck KE, Morgan MD. Comparison of the peak exercise response measured by the ramp and 1-min step cycle exercise protocols in patients with exertional dyspnea. Chest. 2002;121:1099–1105
  33. Palange P, Forte S, Onorati P, Manfredi F, Serra P, Carlone S. Ventilatory and metabolic adaptations to walking and cycling in patients with COPD. J Appl Physiol. 2000;88:1715–1720
  34. Poulain M, Durand F, Palomba B, et al. 6-minute walk testing is more sensitive than maximal incremental cycle testing for detecting oxygen desaturation in patients with COPD. Chest. 2003;123:1401–1407

 Supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia) (grant no. 212016).

 No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit on the authors or on any organization with which the authors are associated.

PII: S0003-9993(08)00391-2

doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.01.020

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 89, Issue 9 , Pages 1782-1787 , September 2008

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution