Effect of Nasogastric Tubes on Incidence of Aspiration
Presented in part to the Dysphagia Research Society, October 8−10, 2007, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Abstract
Leder SB, Suiter DM. Effect of nasogastric tubes on incidence of aspiration.
Objective
To determine what effect, if any, a nasogastric (NG) tube has on occurrence of anterograde aspiration during objective evaluation of swallowing using both liquid and puree bolus consistencies.
Design
Prospective, consecutive.
Setting
Large, urban, tertiary care, teaching hospital.
Participants
Referred sample of 1260 consecutively enrolled inpatients. Group 1 (n=630; 346 male, 284 female) had an NG tube and group 2 (n=630; 360 male, 270 female) did not have an NG tube at time of referral for dysphagia evaluation.
Intervention
Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES).
Main Outcome Measure
Aspiration status.
Results
A Pearson chi-square indicated no significant differences (P>.05) for aspiration of either liquid or puree food consistencies dependent on presence of an NG tube. Separate binary logistic regression analyses were used to determine if the presence of an NG tube interacted with participants’ age to affect the dependent variables of liquid and puree aspiration. There were no significant effects for liquid aspiration (odds ratio [OR]=1.004, P>.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.987−1.021) or puree aspiration (OR=0.992, P>.05; 95% CI, 0.971−1.014). In addition, no significant interactions (P>.05) were found between NG tube status and sex, age, or diagnostic category, and presence of an NG tube did not significantly increase the odds of either liquid aspiration (OR=1.092, P>.05; 95% CI, 0.842−1.418) or puree aspiration (OR=0.975, P>.05; 95% CI, 0.713−1.333). Last, subjects between 60 and 90 years of age, regardless of NG tube status, aspirated more frequently than younger subjects.
Conclusions
No statistically significant differences were found regarding aspiration status for liquid or puree food consistencies between 2 separate but comparable groups, that is, one with and one without an NG tube, regardless of sex, age, or diagnostic category. Because objective swallowing evaluation, for example, FEES, can be performed with an NG tube in place, it is not necessary to remove an NG tube to evaluate dysphagia. Similarly, there is no contraindication to leaving an NG tube in place to supplement oral alimentation.
aDepartment of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
bSchool of Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN.
Correspondence to Steven B. Leder, PhD, Dept of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Yale University School of Medicine, PO Box 208041, New Haven, CT 06520-8041
No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the authors or upon any organization with which the authors are associated.
ABSTRACT