Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 89, Issue 2 , Pages 304-310 , February 2008

Gait Asymmetry in Community-Ambulating Stroke Survivors

  • Kara K. Patterson, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Heart and Stroke Foundation Centre for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • ,
  • Iwona Parafianowicz

      Affiliations

    • Heart and Stroke Foundation Centre for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • ,
  • Cynthia J. Danells, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Heart and Stroke Foundation Centre for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • ,
  • Valerie Closson, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Heart and Stroke Foundation Centre for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • ,
  • Mary C. Verrier, MHSc

      Affiliations

    • Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
    • ,
  • W. Richard Staines, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Heart and Stroke Foundation Centre for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
    • ,
  • Sandra E. Black, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Heart and Stroke Foundation Centre for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • ,
  • William E. McIlroy, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Heart and Stroke Foundation Centre for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
    • Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests to William E. McIlroy, PhD, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

  • Image Result

    A between-subject comparison illustrating the positive correlation between overall temporal symmetry and temporal swing symmetry (solid diamonds) at the preferred velocity (r=.94, df=52, P<.001) and t

    A between-subject comparison illustrating the positive correlation between overall temporal symmetry and temporal swing symmetry (solid diamonds) at the preferred velocity (r=.94, df=52, P<.001) and temporal stance symmetry (open squares) at the preferred velocity (r=−.77, df=52, P<.001).

  • Image Result
    A between-subject comparison illustrating the negative correlation between preferred walking velocity and the overall temporal symmetry ratio at this speed (r=−.583, df=52, P<.001). Each object repres

    A between-subject comparison illustrating the negative correlation between preferred walking velocity and the overall temporal symmetry ratio at this speed (r=−.583, df=52, P<.001). Each object represents 1 of the 54 participants and each shape represents a temporal symmetry category: severe asymmetry (triangles), mild asymmetry (squares) and normative symmetry (diamonds). Horizontal dashed lines represent the normative range for temporal symmetry (0.9–1.1) based on a 95% CI around the mean temporal symmetry for 24 healthy control participants walking overground. Objects highlighted by a circle represent those subjects who also displayed spatial step asymmetry.

  • Image Result
    Between-subject comparisons illustrating the negative correlation between the overall temporal symmetry ratio at the preferred gait speed and (A) CMSA foot score (r=−.628, df=35, P<.001) and (B) CMSA

    Between-subject comparisons illustrating the negative correlation between the overall temporal symmetry ratio at the preferred gait speed and (A) CMSA foot score (r=−.628, df=35, P<.001) and (B) CMSA leg score (r=−.644, df=35, P<.001). Each shape represents a temporal symmetry category, severe asymmetry (triangles), mild asymmetry (squares), and normative symmetry (diamonds).

 Supported by the Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Marguerite Harland Smith Bursary, Lois Snelling Bursary, and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (grant no. MOP62957).

 No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the authors or upon any organization with which the authors are associated.

PII: S0003-9993(07)01649-8

doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.08.142

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 89, Issue 2 , Pages 304-310 , February 2008

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