Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 88, Issue 7 , Pages 871-876 , July 2007

Prospective Longitudinal Study of Gross Motor Function in Children With Cerebral Palsy

  • Jeanine M. Voorman, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests to Jeanine M. Voorman, MD, Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Annet J. Dallmeijer, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Dirk L. Knol, PhD

      Affiliations

    • EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    • ,
  • Gustaaf J. Lankhorst, PhD, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Jules G. Becher, PhD, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

References 

  1. Sala DA, Grant AD. Prognosis for ambulation in cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1995;37:1020–1026
  2. Bottos M, Gericke C. Ambulatory capacity in cerebral palsy: prognostic criteria and consequences for intervention. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2003;45:786–790
  3. Andersson C, Mattsson E. Adults with cerebral palsy: a survey describing problems, needs, and resources, with special emphasis on locomotion. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2001;43:76–82
  4. Ando N, Ueda S. Functional deterioration in adults with cerebral palsy. Clin Rehabil. 2000;14:300–306
  5. Bottos M, Feliciangeli A, Sciuto L, Gericke C, Vianello A. Functional status of adults with cerebral palsy and implications for treatment of children. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2001;43:516–528
  6. Jahnsen R, Villien L, Egeland T, Stanghelle JK, Holm I. Locomotion skills in adults with cerebral palsy. Clin Rehabil. 2004;18:309–316
  7. Murphy KP, Molnar GE, Lankasky K. Medical and functional status of adults with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1995;37:1075–1084
  8. Russell DJ, Avery LM, Rosenbaum PL, Raina PS, Walter SD, Palisano RJ. Improved scaling of the gross motor function measure for children with cerebral palsy: evidence of reliability and validity. Phys Ther. 2000;80:873–885
  9. Russell DJ, Rosenbaum PL, Cadman DT, Gowland C, Hardy S, Jarvis S. The gross motor function measure: a means to evaluate the effects of physical therapy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1989;31:341–352
  10. Avery LM, Russell DJ, Raina PS, Walter SD, Rosenbaum PL. Rasch analysis of the Gross Motor Function Measure: validating the assumptions of the Rasch model to create an interval-level measure. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;84:697–705
  11. Palisano R, Rosenbaum P, Walter S, Russell D, Wood E, Galuppi B. Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1997;39:214–223
  12. Wood E, Rosenbaum P. The gross motor function classification system for cerebral palsy: a study of reliability and stability over time. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2000;42:292–296
  13. Stuberg WA, Fuchs RH, Miedaner JA. Reliability of goniometric measurements of children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1988;30:657–666
  14. Bleck EE. Orthopaedic management in cerebral palsy. London: Mac Keith Pr; 1987;
  15. Bartlett D, Purdie B. Testing of the spinal alignment and range of motion measure: a discriminative measure of posture and flexibility for children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2005;47:739–743
  16. Boyd R, Barwood SA, Baillieu CE, Graham HK. Validity of a clinical measure of spasticity in children with cerebral palsy in a randomised clinical trial. [abstract] Dev Med Child Neurol. 1998;40:7
  17. A user’s guide to MLwiN. London: Institute of Education; 1998;
  18. Twisk JW. Applied longitudinal data analysis for epidemiology: a practical guide. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Pr; 2003;
  19. Rosenbaum PL, Walter SD, Hanna SE, et al. Prognosis for gross motor function in cerebral palsy: creation of motor development curves. JAMA. 2002;288:1357–1363
  20. Jahnsen R, Villien L, Aamodt G, Stanghelle JK, Holm I. Physiotherapy and physical activity (Experiences of adults with cerebral palsy with implications for children). Adv Physiother. 2003;5:21–32
  21. Ostensjo S, Carlberg EB, Vollestad NK. Motor impairments in young children with cerebral palsy: relationship to gross motor function and everyday activities. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2004;46:580–589
  22. Graham HK, Selber P. Musculoskeletal aspects of cerebral palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2003;85:157–166
  23. Tuzson AE, Granata KP, Abel MF. Spastic velocity threshold constrains functional performance in cerebral palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;84:1363–1368
  24. Palisano RJ, Tieman BL, Walter SD, et al. Effect of environmental setting on mobility methods of children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2003;45:113–120
  25. Tieman B, Palisano RJ, Gracely EJ, Rosenbaum P, Chiarello LA, O’Neil M. Changes in mobility of children with cerebral palsy over time and across environmental settings. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2004;24:109–128
  26. Tieman BL, Palisano RJ, Gracely EJ, Rosenbaum PL. Gross motor capability and performance of mobility in children with cerebral palsy: a comparison across home, school, and outdoors/community settings. Phys Ther. 2004;84:419–429

 Supported by the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (grant no. 1435.0011).No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the author(s) or upon any organization with which the author(s) is/are associated.

PII: S0003-9993(07)00290-0

doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.04.002

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 88, Issue 7 , Pages 871-876 , July 2007

Article Tools