Recovery of Function in Skeletal Muscle Following 2 Different Contraction-Induced Injuries

Abstract 

Lovering RM, Roche JA, Bloch RJ, De Deyne PG. Recovery of function in skeletal muscle following 2 different contraction-induced injuries.

Objective

To determine if the proliferation of myogenic cells is equally important to recovery of contractile function after 2 different types of contraction-induced muscle injuries.

Design

Randomized trial.

Setting

Muscle biology laboratory.

Animals

Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats.

Interventions

Tibialis anterior muscles were injured by a single lengthening contraction with large strain (1R) or multiple lengthening contractions with small strain (MR). The hindlimbs of some animals in each group were irradiated before injury to prevent proliferation of myogenic cells during recovery.

Main Outcome Measures

Contractile tension was measured immediately after injury and 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after injury. Permeation to Evans blue dye was used to assay membrane damage. Centrally nucleated fibers and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of myoD and myogenin were used as measures of myogenesis.

Results

Inhibiting myogenesis prevented the recovery of contractile function after MR, but not after 1R. Both protocols caused Evans blue dye uptake immediately after injury, but Evans blue dye was only retained in fibers for several days after 1R. This suggests that membranes reseal after 1R, but not after MR.

Conclusions

The mechanisms that underlie recovery after injuries caused by repeated lengthening contractions and injuries caused by a single lengthening contraction are different. The differences may be important when planning targeted rehabilitation strategies for each type of injury.

Key Words: Muscles, Regeneration, Rehabilitation, Satellite cells, skeletal muscle