Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 88, Issue 4 , Pages 496-503, April 2007

Validation of the Chinese Translated Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale

  • Margaret K. Mak, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests to Margaret K. Mak, PhD, Dept of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
  • ,
  • Anna L. Lau, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
  • ,
  • Frances S. Law, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
    • Physiotherapy Department, The Cheshire Home, Chung Hom Kok, Hong Kong
  • ,
  • Cecilia C. Cheung, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
    • Physiotherapy Department, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
  • ,
  • Irene S. Wong, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
    • Tung Wah Group of Hospitals Fong Shu Chuen Social Service Building, Hong Kong.

Abstract 

Mak MK, Lau AL, Law FS, Cheung CC, Wong IS. Validation of the Chinese translated Activities-Specific Balance Confidence scale.

Objectives

To translate contents of the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale into Chinese (Cantonese), to examine the psychometric properties (internal reliability and validity) of this scale for use with Chinese older adults in Hong Kong, and to determine the level of self-perceived balance confidence of this population.

Design

A 2-phase exploratory study: formative qualitative research and a cross-sectional survey to establish the psychometric properties of the Chinese translated ABC (ABC-C) scale.

Setting

Community based.

Participants

One hundred older community-dwelling subjects.

Interventions

Not applicable.

Main Outcome Measure

Measurement of perceived level of confidence in maintaining balance using the ABC-C scale. This instrument contains 16 items on indoor and outdoor activities requiring different levels of balance function.

Results

Four of the 16 ABC-C scale items had to be modified to achieve content equivalence and cultural relevance to Hong Kong. Final test items of this scale showed high internal consistency with a Cronbach α coefficient of .97. The instrument was found to have excellent test-retest and very good interrater reliability with intraclass coefficients of .99 and .85, respectively. Results of a factor analysis conducted on the scale showed evidence of a coherent 1-domain structure. The mean perceived balance confidence level ± standard deviation of 100 community-dwelling older adults in Hong Kong, performed by using the ABC-C scale, was 71.6±23.7.

Conclusions

Results of the present study verified that the ABC-C scale is a culturally relevant, valid, and reliable tool for measuring self-perceived balance confidence in Chinese older adults. These were reflected in very good to excellent internal consistency of items, test-retest and interrater reliability, and construct validity shown.

Key Words: Accidental falls, Balance, Elderly, Fear, Rehabilitation

 

 No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the author(s) or upon any organization with which the author(s) is/are associated.

PII: S0003-9993(07)00056-1

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2007.01.018

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 88, Issue 4 , Pages 496-503, April 2007