Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 88, Issue 3 , Pages 321-327 , March 2007

The Development and Validity of the Salford Gait Tool: An Observation-Based Clinical Gait Assessment Tool

  • Brigitte Toro, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Directorate of Physiotherapy, University of Salford, Salford, England
    • Centre for Rehabilitation and Human Performance Research, University of Salford, Salford, England.
    • ,
  • Christopher J. Nester, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Centre for Rehabilitation and Human Performance Research, University of Salford, Salford, England.
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests to Christopher J. Nester, PhD, Centre for Rehabilitation and Human Performance Research, University of Salford, Salford, M6 6PU, England
    • ,
  • Pauline C. Farren, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Directorate of Physiotherapy, University of Salford, Salford, England
    • Centre for Rehabilitation and Human Performance Research, University of Salford, Salford, England.

References 

  1. Gage JR, DeLuca PA, Renshaw TS. Gait analysis: principle and applications with emphasis on its use in cerebral palsy. Instr Course Lect. 1996;45:491–507
  2. Sutherland DH. The evolution of clinical gait analysis (Part II kinematics). Gait Posture. 2002;16:159–179
  3. Skaggs DL, Rethlefsen SA, Kay RM, Dennis SW, Reynolds RA, Tolo VT. Variability in gait analysis interpretation. J Pediatr Orthop. 2000;20:759–764
  4. Toro B, Nester CJ, Farren PC. The status of gait assessment among physical therapists in the United Kingdom. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;84:878–884
  5. Toro B, Nester CJ, Farren PC. A review of observational gait assessment in clinical practice. Physiother Theory Pract. 2003;19:137–149
  6. Koman LA, Mooney JF, Smith BP, Goodman A, Mulvaney T. Management of spasticity in cerebral palsy with botulinum-A toxin: report of a preliminary, randomized, double-blind trial. J Pediatr Orthop. 1994;14:299–303
  7. Pirpiris M, Ugoni A, Starr R, et al. The ‘physician rating scale’—validity and reliability. [abstract] Gait Posture. 2001;13:293
  8. Mackey AH, Lobb GL, Walt SE, Stott NS. Reliability and validity of the Observational Gait Scale in children with spastic diplegia. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2003;45:4–11
  9. Dickens WE, Smith MF. Validation of a visual gait assessment scale for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Gait Posture. 2006;23:78–82
  10. Read HS, Hazlewood ME, Hillman SJ, Prescott RJ, Robb JE. Edinburgh visual gait score for use in cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop. 2003;23:296–301
  11. Hudson PC. An evaluation of the management of tendoachilles shortening in cerebral palsied children. Salford: Univ Salford; 2000;[dissertation]
  12. Whittle M. Gait analysis: an introduction. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1991;
  13. Perry J. Gait analysis: normal and pathological function. Thorofare: Slack; 1992;
  14. Sutherland DH, Olshen RA, Biden EN, Wyatt MP. The development of mature walking. Oxford: Mac Keith Pr; 1988;
  15. Toro B, Nester CJ, Farren PC. Cluster analysis for the extraction of sagittal gait patterns in children with cerebral palsy. Gait Posture. 2007;25:157–165
  16. Christensen R. Analysis of variance, design and regression: applied statistical methods. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC Pr; 1996;
  17. Milliken GA, Johnson DE. Analysis of messy data: designed experiments. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC Pr; 1992;
  18. Kirkpatrick M, Wytch R, Cole G, Helms P. Is the objective assessment of cerebral palsy gait reproducible?. J Pediatr Orthop. 1994;14:705–708
  19. Gorton GE, Stevens CM, Masso PD, William M. Repeatability of the walking patterns of normal children. [abstract] Gait Posture. 1997;5:155

 No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the author(s) or upon any organization with which the author(s) is/are associated.

PII: S0003-9993(06)01587-5

doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2006.12.028

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 88, Issue 3 , Pages 321-327 , March 2007

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