Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 88, Issue 3, Supplement 1 , Pages S22-S28 , March 2007

Industrial Medicine and Acute Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. 5. Interventional Procedures for Work-Related Lumbar Spine Conditions

  • Robert W. Irwin, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to Robert W. Irwin, MD, Dept of Rehab Med, Univ of Miami, Miller Sch of Med, PO Box 016960 (D-461), Miami, FL 33101.
  • ,
  • Joseph P. Zuhosky, MD

      Affiliations

    • Total Spine Specialists, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
  • ,
  • William J. Sullivan, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO
  • ,
  • Patrick M. Foye, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey: New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
  • ,
  • Aaron W. Sable, MD

      Affiliations

    • St. John’s Macomb Hospital, Warren, MI
  • ,
  • Andre Panagos, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York–Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY.

References 

  1. Key reference.

  2. Schwarzer AC, Aprill CN, Derby R, Fortin J, Kine G, Bogduk N. Clinical features of patients with pain stemming from the lumbar zygapophyseal joints (Is the lumbar facet syndrome a clinical entity?). Spine. 1994;19:1132–1137
  3. Saal JS. General principles of diagnostic testing as related to painful lumbar spine disorders: a critical appraisal of current diagnostic techniques. Spine. 2002;27:2538–2545discussion 2546
  4. Schwarzer AC, Aprill CN, Bogduk N. The sacroiliac joint in chronic low back pain. Spine. 1995;20:31–37
  5. Maigne JY, Aivaliklis A, Pfefer F. Results of sacroiliac joint double block and value of sacroiliac pain provocation tests in 54 patients with low back pain. Spine. 1996;21:1889–1892
  6. Slipman CW, Lipetz JS, Plastaras CT, et al. Fluoroscopically guided therapeutic sacroiliac joint injections for sacroiliac joint syndrome. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;80:425–432
  7. Atlas SJ, Keller RB, Wu YA, Deyo RA, Singer DE. Long-term outcomes of surgical and nonsurgical management of sciatica secondary to a lumbar disc herniation: 10 year results from the Maine Lumbar Spine Study. Spine. 2005;30:927–935

  8. Takahashi N, Yabuki S, Aoki Y, Kikuchi S. Pathomechanisms of nerve root injury caused by disc herniation: an experimental study of mechanical compression and chemical irritation. Spine. 2003;28:435–441
  9. Saal JS, Franson RC, Dobrow R, Saal JA, White AH, Goldthwaite N. High levels of inflammatory phospholipase A2 activity in lumbar disc herniations. Spine. 1990;15:674–678
  10. Kang JD, Georgescu HI, McIntyre-Larkin L, Stefanovic-Racic M, Donaldson WF, Evans CH. Herniated lumbar intervertebral discs spontaneously produce matrix metalloproteinases, nitric oxide, interleukin-6, and prostaglandin E2. Spine. 1996;21:271–277
  11. Kang JD, Stefanovic-Racic M, McIntyre LA, Georgescu HI, Evans CH. Toward a biochemical understanding of human intervertebral disc degeneration and herniation (Contributions of nitric oxide, interleukins, prostaglandin E2, and matrix metalloproteinases). Spine. 1997;22:1065–1073
  12. Nygaard OP, Mellgren SI, Osterud B. The inflammatory properties of contained and noncontained lumbar disc herniation. Spine. 1997;22:2484–2488

  13. Olmarker K, Blomquist J, Stromberg J, Nannmark U, Thomsen P, Rydevik B. Inflammatogenic properties of nucleus pulposus. Spine. 1995;20:665–669
  14. Brisby H, Olmarker K, Larsson K, Nutu M, Rydevik B. Proinflammatory cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid and serum in patients with disc herniation and sciatica. Eur Spine J. 2002;11:62–66
  15. Halperin N, M Agasi, D Hendel. Painless root compression following disc extrusion: a report of three cases. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1982;101:63-6.
  16. Olmarker K, Nordborg C, Larsson K, Rydevik B. Ultrastructural changes in spinal nerve roots induced by autologous nucleus pulposus. Spine. 1996;21:411–414
  17. Yabuki S, Igarashi T, Kikuchi S. Application of nucleus pulposus to the nerve root simultaneously reduces blood flow in dorsal root ganglion and corresponding hindpaw in the rat. Spine. 2000;25:1471–1476
  18. Otani K, Arai I, Mao GP, Konno S, Olmarker K, Kikuchi S. Nucleus pulposus-induced nerve root injury: relationship between blood flow and motor nerve conduction velocity. Neurosurgery. 1999;45:614–619discussion 619-20
  19. Slipman CW, Chow DW. Therapeutic spinal corticosteroid injections for the management of radiculopathies. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2002;13:697–711
  20. Olmarker K, Byrod G, Cornefjord M, Nordborg C, Rydevik B. Effects of methylprednisolone on nucleus pulposus-induced nerve root injury. Spine. 1994;9:1803–1808
  21. Onda A, Yabuki S, Kikuchi S, Satoh K, Myers RR. Effects of lidocaine on blood flow and endoneurial fluid pressure in a rat model of herniated nucleus pulposus. Spine. 2001;26:2186–2191discussion 2191-2
  22. Yabuki S, Kawaguchi Y, Nordborg C, Kikuchi S, Rydevik B, Olmarker K. Effects of lidocaine on nucleus pulposus-induced nerve root injury (A neurophysiologic and histologic study of the pig cauda equina). Spine. 1998;23:2383–2389discussion 2389-90
  23. White AH, Derby R, Wynne G. Epidural injections for the diagnosis and treatment of low-back pain. Spine. 1980;5:78–86
  24. Manchikanti L, Staats PS, Singh V, et al. Evidence-Based Practice Guidelines for interventional techniques in the management of chronic spinal pain. Pain Physician. 2003;6:3–81

  25. Vad VB, Bhat AL, Lutz GE, Cammisa F. Transforaminal epidural steroid injections in lumbosacral radiculopathy: a prospective randomized study. Spine. 2002;27:11–16
  26. Riew KD, Yin Y, Gilula L, et al. The effect of nerve-root injections on the need for operative treatment of lumbar radicular pain (A prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind study). J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2000;82:1589–1593

  27. Depalma MJ, Bhargava A, Slipman CW. A critical appraisal of the evidence for selective nerve root injection in the treatment of lumbosacral radiculopathy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;86:1477–1483
  28. Revel M, Poiraudeau S, Auleley GR, et al. Capacity of the clinical picture to characterize low back pain relieved by facet joint anesthesia (Proposed criteria to identify patients with painful facet joints). Spine. 1998;23:1972–1976; discussion 1977
  29. Laslett M, Öberg B, Aprill CN, McDonald B. Zygapophysial joint blocks in chronic low back pain: a test of Revel’s model as a screening test. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2004;5:43
  30. Schwarzer AC, Wang SC, Bogduk N, McNaught PJ, Laurent R. Prevalence and clinical features of lumbar zygapophysial joint pain: a study in an Australian population with chronic low back pain. Ann Rheum Dis. 1995;54:100–106
  31. van Kleef M, Barendse GA, Kessels A, Voets HM, Weber WE, de Lange S. Randomized trial of radiofrequency lumbar facet denervation for chronic low back pain. Spine. 1999;24:1937–1942
  32. Dreyfuss P, Halbrook B, Pauza K, Joshi A, McLarty J, Bogduk N. Efficacy and validity of radiofrequency neurotomy for chronic lumbar zygapophysial joint pain. Spine. 2000;25:1270–1277

  33. Chou LH, Slipman CW, Bhagia SM, et al. Inciting events initiating injection-proven sacroiliac joint syndrome. Pain Med. 2004;5:26–32

  34. Laslett M, Aprill CN, McDonald B, Young SB. Diagnosis of sacroiliac joint pain: validity of individual provocation tests and composites of tests. Man Ther. 2005;10:207–218
  35. Slipman CW, Jackson HB, Lipetz JS, Chan KT, Lenrow D, Vresilovic EJ. Sacroiliac joint pain referral zones. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;81:334–338
  36. Yin W, Willard F, Carreiro J, Dreyfuss P. Sensory stimulation-guided sacroiliac joint radiofrequency neurotomy: technique based on neuroanatomy of the dorsal sacral plexus. Spine. 2003;28:2419–2425
  37. Schwarzer AC, Aprill CN, Derby R, Fortin J, Kine G, Bogduk N. The prevalence and clinical features of internal disc disruption in patients with chronic low back pain. Spine. 1995;20:1878–1883

  38. Cohen SP, Larkin TM, Barna SA, Palmer WE, Hecht AC, Stojanovic MP. Lumbar discography: a comprehensive review of outcome studies, diagnostic accuracy, and principles. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005;30:163–183
  39. Carragee EJ, Alamin TF, Miller J, Grafe M. False-positive findings on lumbar discography (Reliability of subjective concordance assessment during provocative disc injection). Spine. 1999;24:2542–2547
  40. Derby R, Kim BJ, Lee SH, Chen Y, Seo KS, Aprill C. Comparison of discographic findings in asymptomatic subject discs and the negative discs of chronic LBP patients: can discography distinguish asymptomatic discs among morphologically abnormal discs?. Spine J. 2005;5:389–394

  41. Derby R, Lee SH, Kim BJ, Chen Y, Aprill C, Bogduk N. Pressure-controlled lumbar discography in volunteers without low back symptoms. Pain Med. 2005;6:213–221
  42. Carragee EJ, Alamin TF, Miller J, Grafe M. Provocative discography in volunteer subjects with mild persistent low back pain. Spine J. 2002;2:25–34
  43. Lutz C, Lutz GE, Cooke PM. Treatment of chronic lumbar diskogenic pain with intradiskal electrothermal therapy: a prospective outcome study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;84:23–28
  44. Chou LH, Lew HL, Coelho PC, Slipman CW. Intradiscal electrothermal annuloplasty. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;84:538–549
  45. Saal JA, Saal JS. Intradiscal electrothermal treatment for chronic discogenic low back pain: a prospective outcome study with minimum 1-year follow-up. Spine. 2000;25:2622–2627
  46. Saal JA, Saal JS. Intradiscal electrothermal treatment for chronic discogenic low back pain: prospective outcome study with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Spine. 2002;27:966–973; discussion 973-4
  47. Pauza KJ, Howell S, Dreyfuss P, Peloza JH, Dawson K, Bogduk N. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of intradiscal electrothermal therapy for the treatment of discogenic low back pain. Spine J. 2004;4:27–35
  48. Freeman BJ, Fraser RD, Cain CM, Hall DJ, Chapple DC. A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial: intradiscal electrothermal therapy versus placebo for the treatment of chronic discogenic low back pain. Spine. 2005;30:2369–2377; discussion 2378

  49. Cohen SP, Williams S, Kurihara C, Griffith S, Larkin TM. Nucleoplasty with or without intradiscal electrothermal therapy (IDET) as a treatment for lumbar herniated disc. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2005;18(Suppl):S119–S124
  50. Alexandre A, Coro L, Azuelos A, Pellone M. Percutaneous nucleoplasty for discoradicular conflict. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2005;92:83–86
  51. Marin F. CAM versus nucleoplasty. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2005;92:111–114
  52. Khot A, Bowditch M, Powell J, Sharp D. The use of intradiscal steroid therapy for lumbar spinal discogenic pain: a randomized controlled trial. Spine. 2004;29:833–836; discussion 837
  53. Klein RG, Eek BC, O’Neill CW, Elin C, Mooney V, Derby RR. Biochemical injection treatment for discogenic low back pain: a pilot study. Spine J. 2003;3:220–226
  54. Alo KM, Wright RE, Sutcliffe J, Scott A, Brandt SA. Percutaneous lumbar discectomy: one year follow-up in an initial cohort of fifty consecutive patients with chronic radicular pain. Pain Practice. 2005;5:116–124
  55. Olmarker K, Larsson K. Tumor necrosis factor alpha and nucleus-pulposus-induced nerve root injury. Spine. 1998;23:2538–2544
  56. Karppinen J, Korhonen T, Malmivaara A, et al. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha monoclonal antibody, infliximab, used to manage severe sciatica. Spine. 2003;28:750–753; discussion 753-4
  57. Korhonen T, Karppinen J, Paimela L, et al. The treatment of disc herniation-induced sciatica with infliximab: results of a randomized, controlled, 3-month follow-up study. Spine. 2005;30:2724–2728
  58. Regan JJ. Clinical results of charite lumbar total disc replacement. Orthop Clin North Am. 2005;36:323–340

  59. Huang RC, Girardi FP, Cammisa FP, Lim MR, Tropiano P, Marnay T. Correlation between range of motion and outcome after lumbar total disc replacement: 8.6-year follow-up. Spine. 2005;30:1407–1411
  60. McAfee PC. The indications for lumbar and cervical disc replacement. Spine J. 2004;4(6 Suppl):177S–181S
  61. Bertagnoli R, Zigler J, Karg A, Voigt S. Complications and strategies for revision surgery in total disc replacement. Orthop Clin North Am. 2005;36:389–395

 No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the author(s) or upon any organization with which the author(s) is/are associated.

 Reprints are not available from the author.

PII: S0003-9993(06)01567-X

doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2006.12.012

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 88, Issue 3, Supplement 1 , Pages S22-S28 , March 2007