Journal Home
Search for

Volume 88, Issue 2, Pages 187-191 (February 2007)


View previous. 11 of 28 View next.

The Effect of Cognitive Dual Tasks on Balance During Walking in Physically Fit Elderly People

Marianne B. van Iersel, MDaCorresponding Author Informationemail address, Heleen Ribbers, MDa, Marten Munneke, PhDb, George F. Borm, PhDc, Marcel G. Olde Rikkert, PhDa

Abstract 

van Iersel MB, Ribbers H, Munneke M, Borm GF, Olde Rikkert MG. The effect of cognitive dual tasks on balance during walking in physically fit elderly people.

Objective

To evaluate the effect on balance of 3 different cognitive dual tasks performed while walking without and with standardization for gait velocity, and measured with both foot placements and trunk movements.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Community.

Participants

Fifty-nine physically fit elderly people (mean age, 73.5y).

Interventions

Not applicable.

Main Outcome Measures

Stride length and time variability measured with an electronic walkway, body sway measured with an angular velocity instrument, and gait velocity.

Results

Overall, dual tasks resulted in decreased gait velocity (1.46 to 1.23m/s, P<.001), increased stride length (1.4% to 2.6%), and time variability (1.3% to 2.3%) (P<.001), and had no significant effect on body sway. After standardization for gait velocity, the dual tasks were associated with increased body sway (111% to 216% of values during walking without dual task, P<.001) and increased stride length and time variability (41% to 223% increase, P<.001).

Conclusions

In physically fit elderly people, cognitive dual tasks influence balance control during walking directly as well as indirectly through decreased gait velocity. Dual tasks increase stride variability with both mechanisms, but the increase in body sway is only visible after standardization for gait velocity. The decreased gait velocity can be a strategy with which to maintain balance during walking in more difficult circumstances.

a Department of Geriatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

b Department of Neurology and Physiotherapy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

c Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to Marianne B. van Iersel, MD, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Dept of Geriatrics, internal code 925, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands

 No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the author(s) or upon any organization with which the author(s) is/are associated.

Reprints are not available from the author.

PII: S0003-9993(06)01481-X

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2006.10.031


View previous. 11 of 28 View next.