Are Lumbar Repositioning Errors Larger Among Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain Compared With Asymptomatic Subjects?

Schematic illustration of the repositioning test. The subjects were guided to (A) the target position, which was actively repositioned after (B) a close to maximal lumbar flexion (90% of maximum flexion). The boxes at the spinal cord represent the location of the Fastrak receivers (S2, T7, middle). (C) Maximal ROM (solid lines), the normal sitting position (S2_nor), the target position (dashed line), and 90% of maximal flexion (dashed line).

Main areas of LBP¹⁹ (inserted in the figure) used for pain drawing. Legend: 1, lumbar; 2, sacral; 3, loin, right; 4, loin, left; 5, gluteal, right; 6, gluteal, left.

Boxplots showing the distribution of (A) variable errors and (B) constant errors at S2 for patients with CLBP and asymptomatic control subjects. The line inside the boxes indicates the median, the upper and lower limits of the boxes represent the 25th and 75th percentiles, and the whiskers indicate the total range of the data distribution.