Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 87, Issue 3 , Pages 411-417, March 2006

The Development, Validity, and Reliability of a Manual Muscle Testing Device With Integrated Limb Position Sensors

  • Raymond C. Li, PhD

      Affiliations

    • School of Human Movement Studies, Centre for Health Research, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
  • ,
  • Jan M. Jasiewicz, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests to Jan M. Jasiewicz, PhD, School of Human Movement Studies, Centre for Health Research, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia
  • ,
  • James Middleton, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Rehabilitation Studies Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
  • ,
  • Peter Condie, BEngTech

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
  • ,
  • Andrew Barriskill, MBA

      Affiliations

    • Cochlear Pty Ltd, Lane Cove, NSW, Australia
  • ,
  • Heidi Hebnes, PT

      Affiliations

    • School of Human Movement Studies, Centre for Health Research, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
  • ,
  • Brendan Purcell, BEng

      Affiliations

    • School of Human Movement Studies, Centre for Health Research, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia

Accepted 9 November 2005.

Abstract 

Li RC, Jasiewicz JM, Middleton J, Condie P, Barriskill A, Hebnes H, Purcell B. The development, validity, and reliability of a manual muscle testing device with integrated limb position sensors.

Objective

To report the development and validation of a new hand-held muscle strength-testing device that is integrated with orientation sensors and designed to test the strength of major muscle groups at a given limb or joint position.

Design

Design description and validation study.

Setting

University-based human movement facility.

Participants

Twenty-eight able-bodied, healthy subjects.

Interventions

Not applicable.

Main Outcome Measure

A device was developed based on a hand-held force dynamometer with integrated orientation sensors. The validity and reliability (interrater, intertrial) of 5 maximum isometric contractions of hip flexion, knee extension, and ankle plantarflexion and dorsiflexion were assessed. The results were compared with those from an isokinetic dynamometer (KinCom).

Results

The new manual muscle tester was highly reliable and valid in estimating muscle strength of the lower limbs. The coefficient of variation between trials of all movements was low, with a mean less than 10% (range, 3.7%–8.9%). The only significant difference in muscle strength between the new device and the isokinetic dynamometer was found for hip flexion.

Conclusions

The new hand-held muscle strength tester appears to be a reliable and valid clinical assessment tool that can be used to objectively assess muscle strength at particular limb positions and/or joint angles. This feature appears to represent a technical advance in portable muscle strength devices, providing comparable information to those obtained by isokinetic dynamometers at a fraction of the cost and size. However, the device needs to be validated in clinical populations, such as patients with spinal cord injury and stroke, in order to demonstrate its general clinical utility.

Key Words:  Muscles , Rehabilitation , Reliability and validity , Transducers

 

 Supported by QUT Strategic Links with Industry.No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the authors or upon any organization with which the authors are associated.

PII: S0003-9993(05)01423-1

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2005.11.011

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume 87, Issue 3 , Pages 411-417, March 2006