Current Use of Lumbar Traction in the Management of Low Back Pain: Results of a Survey of Physiotherapists in the United Kingdom

References 

1. Waddell G , McIntosh A , Hutchinson A , Feder G , Lewis M . Low back pain evidence review . London: Royal College of General Practitioners; 1999;
2. Koes BW , van Tulder MW , Ostelo R , Burton AK , Waddell G . Clinical guidelines for the management of low back pain in primary care. An international comparison . Spine . 2001;26:2504–2514
   • MEDLINE
   • CrossRef
3. Foster NE , Thompson KA , Baxter GD , Allen JM . Management of non-specific low back pain by physiotherapists in Britain and Ireland . Spine . 1999;24:1332–1342
   • MEDLINE
   • CrossRef
4. Gracey JH , McDonough SM , Baxter GD . Physiotherapy management of low back pain (a survey of current practice in Northern Ireland) . Spine . 2002;27:406–411
   • CrossRef
5. Van der Heijdan GJ , Beurskens AJ , Dirk MJ , Bouter LM , Lindeman E . Efficacy of lumbar traction (a randomised clinical trial) . Physiotherapy . 1995;81:29–35
   • Abstract
   • Full-Text PDF (706 KB)
   • CrossRef
6. Jette AM , Delitto A . Physical therapy treatment choices for musculoskeletal impairments . Phys Ther . 1997;77:145–154
   • MEDLINE
7. Li LC , Bombardier C . Physical therapy management of low back pain (an exploratory survey of therapist approaches) . Phys Ther . 2001;81:1018–1027
   • MEDLINE
8. Van der Heijdan GJ , Beurskens AJ , Koes BW , Assendelft WJ , de Vet HC , Bouter LM . The efficacy of traction for back and neck pain (a systematic review of randomised clinical trials) . Phys Ther . 1995;75:93–104
   • MEDLINE
9. Harte AA , Baxter GD , Gracey JH . The efficacy of traction for back pain (a systematic review of randomized controlled trials) . Arch Phys Med Rehabil . 2003;84:1543–1552
10. The database of abstracts of reviews of effectiveness . York: Cochrane Library; 1997; DATE CRD Database No. Dare-978020.
11. Bjordal JM , Greve G . What may alter the conclusion of reviews? . Phys Ther Rev . 1998;3:121–132
12. Bjordal JM , Couppe C , Ljunggren AE . Low level laser therapy for tendinopathy. Evidence of a dose-response pattern . Phys Ther Rev . 2001;6:91–99
13. Maitland GD . Vertebral manipulation . 8th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2001;
14. Cyriax J . 8th ed. Textbook of orthopedic medicine . Vol 1. London: Bailliere Tindall; 1982;
15. Grieve GP . Common vertebral joint problems . Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1981;
16. Fritz JM , George S . The use of a classification approach to identify subgroups of patients with acute low back pain . Spine . 2000;1:106–114
17. Petersen T , Thorsen H , Manniche C , Ekdahl C . Classification of non-specific low back pain (a review of the literature on classifications systems relevant to physiotherapy) . Phys Ther Rev . 1999;4:265–281
18. Riddle DL . Classification and low back pain (a review of the literature and critical analysis of selected systems) . Phys Ther . 1998;78:708–737
    • MEDLINE
19. Clinical Standards Advisory Group report . London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office; 1994;
20. Bigos SJ , Bowyer OR , Braen GR , et al.   Acute low back problems in adults. Clinical practice guideline no. 14 . Rockville: Agency for Health Care Policy and Research; 1994; AHCPR Publication No. 95-0642.
21. New Zealand acute low back pain guidelines . Wellington (N Z): Accident and Rehabilitation and Compensation Insurance Corp of New Zealand, National Health Committee; 1997;
22. Philadelphia Panel evidence-based clinical practice guidelines on selected rehabilitation interventions for low back pain . Phys Ther . 2001;81:1641–1663
    • MEDLINE
23. Scalzitti DA . Evidence-based guidelines (application to clinical practice) . Phys Ther . 2001;81:1622–1628
    • MEDLINE
24. Krause M , Refshauge KM , Dessen M , Boland R . Lumbar spine traction (evaluation of effects and recommended application for treatment) . Man Ther . 2000;5:72–81
    • Abstract
    • Full-Text PDF (221 KB)
    • CrossRef
25. Roland M , Torgerson DJ . What are pragmatic trials? . BMJ . 1998;316:285
    • MEDLINE
    • CrossRef
26. Wakefield A . Evidence-based physiotherapy (the case for pragmatic randomised controlled trials) . Physiotherapy . 2000;86:394–396
    • Abstract
    • Full Text
    • Full-Text PDF (66 KB)
    • CrossRef
27. Helms PJ . “Real world” pragmatic clinical trials (what are they and what do they tell us?) . Pediatr Allergy Immunol . 2002;13:4–9
    • MEDLINE
    • CrossRef
28. Sim J , Wright C . Research in health care. Concepts, designs and methods . Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes; 2000;